◄ 8121. shemesh ►
Lexicon shemesh: Sun Original Word: שֶׁמֶשׁ Part of Speech: Noun Transliteration: shemesh Pronunciation: SHEH-mesh Phonetic Spelling: (sheh'-mesh) Definition: Sun Meaning: the sun, the east, a ray, a notched battlement Strong's Exhaustive Concordance east sideward, sun rising, westward, window From an unused root meaning to be brilliant; the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (arch.) A notched battlement -- + east side(-ward), sun ((rising)), + west(-ward), window. See also Beyth Shemesh. see HEBREW Beyth Shemesh NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin from an unused word Definition sun NASB Translation battlements (1), daylight (1), daylight* (1), east side* (2), east* (7), sun (109), sun's (1), sundown* (1), sunrise* (3), sunset* (6), west* (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ133 noun feminineJudges 19:14 and masculineGenesis 19:23 (AlbrZAW xv (1895), 324) sun; — absolute ׳שׁ Joshua 10:12 +, שָׁ֑מֶשׁ Judges 20:43 +; suffix שִׁמְשֵׁךְ Isaiah 60:20, שִׁמְשָׁךְ Jeremiah 15:9; plural suffix שִׁמְשֹׁתַ֫יִךְ Isaiah 54:12; — 1 sun, Genesis 37:9 (E; + moon, stars); marking time: as rising (verb זָרַת q. v.) Exodus 22:2 (E) + 8 t. + Malachi 3:20 (figurative צְדָקָה ׳שׁ, of reward of the faithful, with wings, i.e. rays ? Now GASm; or winged sun-disc [compare We] ?); verb יְצָא Genesis 19:23 (J), Isaiah 13:10; Judges 5:31 (simile of splendour; see יְצָא 1f); setting (verb בּוֺא) Genesis 15:17 (J), Amos 8:9 19t., + לָבוֺא ׳וַיְהִי הַשּׁ Genesis 15:12 (JE), יְדַע מְבוֺאוֺ ׳שׁ Psalm 104:19 (see בּוֺא 1i, מָבוֺא 2); as giving daylight Isaiah 60:9; hot 1 Samuel 11:9; Nehemiah 7:3; Exodus 16:21 (P), compare Isaiah 49:10; Jonah 4:8; Psalm 121:6; as ripening crops Deuteronomy 33:14 (poem), compare (figurative) Job 8:16, tanning the face Songs 1:6; standing still at Joshua's word Joshua 10:12.13 a (poem in J; "" יָרֵחַ), Joshua 10:13 b (J), compare Habakkuk 3:11 (+ יָרֵךְַ); casting shadow (on dial), ׳יָָֽרְדָה בְמַעֲלוֺת אָחָז בַּשּׁ Isaiah 38:8, ׳וַתָּשָׁב הַשּׁ Isaiah 38:8; set in sky by ׳י Jeremiah 31:25; Psalm 19:5; Psalm 74:16; Psalm 136:8, enduring Psalm 72:5; Psalm 72:17 (compare עִם 1g; [מָּנֶה] 11. 4 a (e), p. 817), also Psalm 89:37; personified, called to praise ׳י Psalm 148:3 (+ יָרֵךְַ); to be darkened by ׳יs judgment, Ezekiel 32:7; Joel 2:10; Joel 3:4; Joel 4:15 (compare Amos 8:9 above, Micah 3:6). 2 of direction: ׳מִמִּוְרַח הַשּׁ Numbers 21:11 (E) toward sun-rise, = East, compare Deuteronomy 4:41,47 16t. (see מִוְרָךְ p. 280); ׳מְבוֺא הַשּׁ Deuteronomy 11:30 3t. (see מָבוֺא 2, p. 99). 3 object of worship (usually + moon, stars, etc.) 2 Kings 23:5; Jeremiah 8:2; Ezekiel 8:16; Deuteronomy 4:19; horses given to ׳שׁ 2 Kings 23:11, ׳מַרְכְּבוֺת השּׁ 2 Kings 23:11. — See also ׳בֵּית שׁ p. 112:b. 4 other phrase: a. ׳נֶגֶד חַשּׁ, i.e. openly, publicly, 2 Samuel 12:12; Numbers 25:4 (P), so ׳לְעֵינֵי חַשּׁ 2 Samuel 12:11. b. figurative of living, ׳חָזָה שׁ Psalm 58:9, ׳רָאָה שׁ Exodus 6:5; Exodus 7:11; Exodus 11:7, opposed to ׳תֶּחְשַׁךְ הַשׁ Exodus 12:2. c. ׳תַּחַת הַשּׁ, i. e. on the earth, Ecclesiastes 1:3 28t. Ecclesiastes (compare Greek ὐφ’ ἠλίῳ, KueOnd. iii. 196; Ein1. iii. 192). 5 pinnacle, as glittering, shining, plural Isaiah 54:12 thy pinnacles, battlements (of Zion), so perhaps singular אֱםהִים ׳וּמָנֵן י ׳שׁ Psalm 84:12 battlement and shield is ׳א ׳י (Gr Bae Du Buhl; most sun, and so Thes De Che SS; Hup-Now hesitates). I. שׁמשׁ (√ of following; Biblical Hebrew שׁמשׁ, שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ). Topical Lexicon Word Origin: Derived from an unused root meaning to be brilliant. Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G2246 • ἥλιος (hēlios): The Greek equivalent for the sun, used in the New Testament to refer to the physical sun and its symbolic meanings, similar to its Hebrew counterpart. For example, in Matthew 5:45, "He causes His sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous." This entry provides a comprehensive understanding of the term שֶׁמֶשׁ (shemesh) as it appears in the Hebrew Bible, highlighting its physical, symbolic, and metaphorical uses. Usage: The term שֶׁמֶשׁ (shemesh) is used throughout the Hebrew Bible to refer to the physical sun, its rising in the east, and metaphorically to describe brightness or brilliance. It is also used in poetic and prophetic literature to symbolize God's creation, power, and the passage of time. Context: • The Sun: In the Hebrew Bible, שֶׁמֶשׁ (shemesh) is frequently mentioned as the central celestial body that governs the day. It is a symbol of God's provision and order in creation. For example, in Genesis 1:16, the sun is described as the "greater light" to govern the day. • The East: The term is also used to denote the east, the direction of the sunrise. This is seen in passages that describe the orientation of the land or the direction of travel, such as in Genesis 13:11, where Lot chooses the plain of Jordan, moving eastward. • A Ray: The brilliance and rays of the sun are often used metaphorically to describe God's glory and presence. In Psalm 84:11, the sun is a metaphor for God as a "sun and shield." • A Notched Battlement: This less common usage is more figurative, drawing on the imagery of the sun's rays as resembling the notches of a battlement, symbolizing protection and strength. The sun is also a marker of time and seasons, as seen in Ecclesiastes 1:5, "The sun rises and the sun sets; it hurries back to where it rises." This cyclical nature of the sun is a reminder of the constancy and faithfulness of God's creation. In prophetic literature, the sun is sometimes used to symbolize judgment or change, as in Joel 2:31, "The sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood before the coming of the great and awesome day of the LORD." Forms and Transliterations בַּשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ בשמש הַ֭שֶּׁמֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֜מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֥מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ֩ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ֮ הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ השמש השמש׃ וְהַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ ׀ וָשָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ וָשָׁ֑מֶשׁ והשמש ולשמש ושמש ושמש׃ כַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ כשמש לַ֝שֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ לַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לַשֶּׁ֤מֶשׁ לַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ לַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ לשמש לשמש׃ מש שִׁמְשֵׁ֔ךְ שִׁמְשָׁ֛הּ שִׁמְשֹׁתַ֔יִךְ שֶׁ֖מֶשׁ שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ שֶׁ֜מֶשׁ שֶׁ֝֗מֶשׁ שֶׁ֣מֶשׁ שֶׁ֤מֶשׁ שֶׁ֥מֶשׁ שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ ׀ שֶׁמֶשׁ֮ שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ שָׁ֑מֶשׁ שמש שמש׃ שמשה שמשך שמשתיך baš·še·meš bashShemesh baššemeš chashShemesh haš·šā·meš haš·še·meš hashShamesh hashShemesh haššāmeš haššemeš ḵaš·še·meš ḵaššemeš laš·šā·meš laš·še·meš lashShamesh lashShemesh laššāmeš laššemeš meš mesh šā·meš šāmeš še·meš šemeš Shamesh shemesh shimShah shimShech shimshoTayich šim·šāh šim·šêḵ šim·šō·ṯa·yiḵ šimšāh šimšêḵ šimšōṯayiḵ vaShamesh vehashShemesh velashShemesh wā·šā·meš wāšāmeš wə·haš·še·meš wə·laš·še·meš wəhaššemeš wəlaššemeš Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts Englishman's Concordance Genesis 15:12 HEB: וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לָב֔וֹא וְתַרְדֵּמָ֖ה NAS: Now when the sun was going KJV: And when the sun was going down, INT: become the sun was going A deep Genesis 15:17 HEB: וַיְהִ֤י הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ בָּ֔אָה וַעֲלָטָ֖ה NAS: It came about when the sun had set, KJV: And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, INT: came the sun had set very Genesis 19:23 HEB: הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ יָצָ֣א עַל־ NAS: The sun had risen over KJV: The sun was risen upon the earth INT: the sun had risen over Genesis 28:11 HEB: כִּי־ בָ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ וַיִּקַּח֙ מֵאַבְנֵ֣י NAS: because the sun had set; KJV: and tarried there all night, because the sun was set; INT: because had set the sun took of the stones Genesis 32:31 HEB: וַיִּֽזְרַֽח־ ל֣וֹ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָבַ֖ר NAS: Now the sun rose upon him just KJV: Penuel the sun rose INT: rose now the sun he crossed Genesis 37:9 HEB: ע֔וֹד וְהִנֵּ֧ה הַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ וְהַיָּרֵ֗חַ וְאַחַ֤ד NAS: and behold, the sun and the moon KJV: a dream more; and, behold, the sun and the moon INT: still and behold the sun and the moon a Exodus 16:21 HEB: אָכְל֑וֹ וְחַ֥ם הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְנָמָֽס׃ NAS: as he should eat; but when the sun grew hot, KJV: to his eating: and when the sun waxed hot, INT: to his eating grew the sun melt Exodus 17:12 HEB: עַד־ בֹּ֥א הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ NAS: were steady until the sun set. KJV: until the going down of the sun. INT: until set the sun Exodus 22:3 HEB: אִם־ זָרְחָ֥ה הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ עָלָ֖יו דָּמִ֣ים NAS: [But] if the sun has risen KJV: If the sun be risen INT: if has risen the sun on will be bloodguiltiness Exodus 22:26 HEB: עַד־ בֹּ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ תְּשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּ לֽוֹ׃ NAS: it to him before the sun sets, KJV: it unto him by that the sun goeth down: INT: before sets the sun return Leviticus 22:7 HEB: וּבָ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ וְטָהֵ֑ר וְאַחַר֙ NAS: But when the sun sets, KJV: And when the sun is down, INT: sets the sun will be clean and afterward Numbers 21:11 HEB: מוֹאָ֔ב מִמִּזְרַ֖ח הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ INT: Moab east side east side Numbers 25:4 HEB: לַיהוָ֖ה נֶ֣גֶד הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ וְיָשֹׁ֛ב חֲר֥וֹן NAS: them in broad daylight before the LORD, KJV: the LORD against the sun, that the fierce INT: the LORD broad daylight may turn the fierce Deuteronomy 4:19 HEB: וְֽ֠רָאִיתָ אֶת־ הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־ הַיָּרֵ֜חַ NAS: and see the sun and the moon KJV: and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, INT: to heaven and see the sun and the moon and the stars Deuteronomy 4:41 HEB: הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן מִזְרְחָ֖ה שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ INT: the Jordan east side east side Deuteronomy 4:47 HEB: הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן מִזְרַ֖ח שָֽׁמֶשׁ׃ INT: the Jordan east side east side Deuteronomy 11:30 HEB: דֶּ֚רֶךְ מְב֣וֹא הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ בְּאֶ֙רֶץ֙ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י NAS: of the way toward the sunset, in the land KJV: the way where the sun goeth down, INT: of the way down the sun the land of the Canaanites Deuteronomy 16:6 HEB: בָּעָ֑רֶב כְּב֣וֹא הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ מוֹעֵ֖ד צֵֽאתְךָ֥ NAS: in the evening at sunset, at the time KJV: at the going down of the sun, at the season INT: the evening down of the sun the time you came Deuteronomy 17:3 HEB: וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לָהֶ֑ם וְלַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ ׀ א֣וֹ לַיָּרֵ֗חַ NAS: and worshiped them, or the sun or KJV: and worshipped them, either the sun, or moon, INT: other and worshiped the sun or the moon Deuteronomy 23:11 HEB: בַּמָּ֑יִם וּכְבֹ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ יָבֹ֖א אֶל־ NAS: himself with water, and at sundown he may reenter KJV: [himself] with water: and when the sun is down, INT: water is down the sun shall come about Deuteronomy 24:13 HEB: הַעֲבוֹט֙ כְּבֹ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ וְשָׁכַ֥ב בְּשַׂלְמָת֖וֹ NAS: When the sun goes KJV: again when the sun goeth down, INT: the pledge goes the sun may sleep his cloak Deuteronomy 24:15 HEB: תָב֧וֹא עָלָ֣יו הַשֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ כִּ֤י עָנִי֙ NAS: on his day before the sun sets, KJV: [him] his hire, neither shall the sun go down INT: sets against the sun for is poor Deuteronomy 33:14 HEB: וּמִמֶּ֖גֶד תְּבוּאֹ֣ת שָׁ֑מֶשׁ וּמִמֶּ֖גֶד גֶּ֥רֶשׁ NAS: yield of the sun, And with the choice KJV: fruits [brought forth] by the sun, and for the precious things INT: the choice yield of the sun the choice produce Joshua 1:4 HEB: הַגָּד֖וֹל מְב֣וֹא הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ יִֽהְיֶ֖ה גְּבוּלְכֶֽם׃ NAS: toward the setting of the sun will be your territory. KJV: toward the going down of the sun, shall be your coast. INT: as the Great the setting of the sun become will be your territory Joshua 1:15 HEB: הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן מִזְרַ֥ח הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃ INT: the Jordan east side east side 134 Occurrences Strong's Hebrew 8121 134 Occurrences baš·še·meš — 1 Occ. ḵaš·še·meš — 1 Occ. haš·šā·meš — 39 Occ. haš·še·meš — 52 Occ. laš·šā·meš — 1 Occ. laš·še·meš — 4 Occ. meš — 4 Occ. šā·meš — 8 Occ. še·meš — 16 Occ. šim·šāh — 1 Occ. šim·šêḵ — 1 Occ. šim·šō·ṯa·yiḵ — 1 Occ. wā·šā·meš — 2 Occ. wə·haš·še·meš — 2 Occ. wə·laš·še·meš — 1 Occ.