◄ 5594. saphad ►
Lexicon saphad: To mourn, to lament Original Word: סָפַד Part of Speech: Verb Transliteration: caphad Pronunciation: sah-fad' Phonetic Spelling: (saw-fad') Definition: To mourn, to lament Meaning: to tear the hair and beat the breasts, to lament, to wail Strong's Exhaustive Concordance lament, mourner, wail A primitive root; properly, to tear the hair and beat the breasts (as Orientals do in grief); generally to lament; by implication, to wail -- lament, mourn(-er), wail. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin a prim. root Definition to wail, lament NASB Translation beat (1), lament (9), lamented (5), mourn (8), mourned (6), mourners (1), mourns (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs [סָפַד] verb wail, lament (Late Hebrew id.; ᵑ7 סְפַד, ChrPalAramaic id., SchwIdioticon 64; Assyrian [sapâdu]], sipdu, sipittu, mourning, DlHWB 507; compare Amharic dirge PräZMG xxxv (1881), 762); — Qal Perfect3feminine singular וְסָֽפְדָה consecutive Zechariah 12:12, 3plural וְסָֽפְדוּ consecutive 1 Kings 14:13; Zechariah 12:10; Imperfect3feminine singular וַתִּסְמֹּד 2 Samuel 11:26, 2masculine singular תִּסְמֹּד Ezekiel 24:16, 1singular cohortative אֶסְמְּדָה Micah 1:8, 3masculine plural יִסְמְּדוּ Jeremiah 6:16 +, etc.; Imperative masculine plural סִפְדוּ 2 Samuel 3:31 2t.; feminine plural סְפֹ֫דְנָה Jeremiah 49:3; Infinitive absolute סָפוֺד Zechariah 7:5; construct סְפוֺד Ecclesiastes 3:4, לִסְמֹּד Genesis 23:2; 1 Kings 13:29, לִסְמּוֺד Jeremiah 16:5; Participle active plural סֹפְדִים Isaiah 32:12, ׳סוֺ Ecclesiastes 12:5; — wail, lament (with loud cries, etc., see Micah 1:8, and compare DrAmos 5:16), especially for dead, with לְ, 1 Samuel 25:1; 1 Samuel 28:3; 1 Kings 14:13,18; Genesis 23:2 (P) Jeremiah 16:6; Jeremiah 22:18 (twice in verse); Jeremiah 34:5, compare וְאַלתֵּֿלֵךְ לִסְמּוֺד וְאַלתָּֿנֹד לָהֶם Jeremiah 16:5; with עַלֿ over 2 Samuel 1:12; 2 Samuel 11:26; 1 Kings 13:30, compare Zechariah 12:10 (see Zechariah 12:12 below); with לִפְנֵי i.e. marching before (bier) 2 Samuel 3:31 (see Dr); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb Genesis 50:10 (J); absolute 1 Kings 13:29; Ezekiel 24:16 compare Ezekiel 24:23; Ecclesiastes 3:4 (opposed to רקד; compare Psalm 30:12), and participle as substantive Ecclesiastes 12:5 wailers; also, with idea of guilt on part of those wailing, Zechariah 12:12 (compare Zechariah 12:10 above); over calamity, judgment, with עַלֿ Micah 1:8, absolute Jeremiah 4:8 (both + הֵילִיל), Jeremiah 49:3 and (with fasting) Zechariah 7:5; Joel 1:13. — ׳עַלשָֿׁדַיִם סֹפְדִים עַלשְֿׂדֵיחֶֿמֶד וגו Isaiah 32:12 is dubious; Thes Ew De Che and others upon the breasts smiting (?) for the fields, etc., but read probably שָׂדִים (וֺֿת, יִַ֯ם) GesComm. (q. v.) BuhlLex 13 Skinner and others: over the fields wailing, over the delightful fields, etc. Niph`al Imperfect3masculine plural לֹא יִסָּֽפְדוּ Jeremiah 16:4 they shall not be bewailed, so Jeremiah 25:33. שְׂפֹדְנָה Jeremiah 49:3 Masora, < modern editions ׳ס see ספד. שׂפה (√ of following; compare Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian šaptu, lip, edge; so Syriac ; Arabic lip, edge). Topical Lexicon Word Origin: A primitive root Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G2799 (κλαίω, klaio): To weep, to wail, to lament. This Greek term is often used in the New Testament to describe expressions of sorrow and mourning, similar to the Hebrew סָפַד. • G2875 (κοπτόμαι, koptomai): To beat the breast in grief, to lament. This term captures the physical expressions of mourning, akin to the actions described by סָפַד in the Hebrew Bible. Usage: The verb סָפַד (saphad) is used in the context of mourning and lamentation, often associated with the physical expressions of grief such as tearing the hair and beating the breasts. It is a term that conveys deep sorrow and is frequently used in the context of mourning for the dead or lamenting over calamity. Context: • The Hebrew verb סָפַד (saphad) appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, often in relation to mourning rituals. It is a vivid term that captures the intense emotional and physical expressions of grief that were customary in ancient Near Eastern cultures. • In the Berean Standard Bible, the term is used to describe the act of lamentation, often in response to death or disaster. For example, in Genesis 23:2, Abraham mourns for Sarah, and in 1 Kings 13:29-30, the prophet mourns for the man of God. • The act of lamentation described by סָפַד is not merely a private expression of sorrow but often a communal activity, where the community joins in the mourning process. This is evident in passages like Jeremiah 22:18, where the people are called to lament for the king. • The term also appears in prophetic literature, where it is used metaphorically to describe the lamentation that will occur as a result of divine judgment, as seen in Isaiah 32:12 and Ezekiel 24:16-17. • The physical actions associated with סָפַד, such as tearing the hair and beating the breasts, are indicative of the depth of sorrow and the cultural practices surrounding mourning in biblical times. Forms and Transliterations אֶסְפְּדָ֣ה אספדה הַסֹּפְדִֽים׃ הספדים׃ וְסִפְד֖וּ וְסִפְד֜וּ וְסָֽפְדוּ־ וְסָפ֜וֹד וְסָפְד֣וּ וְסָפְדָ֣ה וַֽיִּסְפְּדוּ֙ וַיִּ֨סְפְּדוּ־ וַיִּסְפְּד֥וּ וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־ וַתִּסְפֹּ֖ד ויספדו ויספדו־ וספדה וספדו וספדו־ וספוד ותספד יִסְפְּד֣וּ יִסְפְּדוּ־ יִסָּֽפְדוּ֙ יִסָּפְד֗וּ יספדו יספדו־ כְּמִסְפֵּד֙ כמספד לִסְפֹּ֖ד לִסְפֹּ֥ד לִסְפּ֔וֹד לספד לספוד מִסְפַּד֙ מספד סְפ֖וֹד סְפֹ֕דְנָה סִפְד֣וּ סֹֽפְדִ֑ים ספדו ספדים ספדנה ספוד תִסְפְּד֖וּ תִסְפֹּד֙ תספד תספדו ’es·pə·ḏāh ’espəḏāh espeDah has·sō·p̄ə·ḏîm hassofeDim hassōp̄əḏîm kə·mis·pêḏ kemisPed kəmispêḏ lis·pō·wḏ lis·pōḏ lisPod lispōḏ lispōwḏ mis·paḏ misPad mispaḏ sə·p̄ō·ḏə·nāh sə·p̄ō·wḏ seFod seFodenah səp̄ōḏənāh səp̄ōwḏ sifDu sip̄·ḏū sip̄ḏū sō·p̄ə·ḏîm sofeDim sōp̄əḏîm ṯis·pə·ḏū ṯis·pōḏ tispeDu ṯispəḏū tisPod ṯispōḏ vaiYispedu vattisPod vesafeDah vesafedu vesaFod vesifDu wat·tis·pōḏ wattispōḏ way·yis·pə·ḏū way·yis·pə·ḏū- wayyispəḏū wayyispəḏū- wə·sā·p̄ə·ḏāh wə·sā·p̄ə·ḏū wə·sā·p̄ə·ḏū- wə·sā·p̄ō·wḏ wə·sip̄·ḏū wəsāp̄əḏāh wəsāp̄əḏū wəsāp̄əḏū- wəsāp̄ōwḏ wəsip̄ḏū yis·pə·ḏū yis·pə·ḏū- yis·sā·p̄ə·ḏū yispeDu yispəḏū yispəḏū- yissafeDu yissāp̄əḏū Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts Englishman's Concordance Genesis 23:2 HEB: וַיָּבֹא֙ אַבְרָהָ֔ם לִסְפֹּ֥ד לְשָׂרָ֖ה וְלִבְכֹּתָֽהּ׃ NAS: went in to mourn for Sarah KJV: came to mourn for Sarah, INT: went and Abraham to mourn Sarah weep Genesis 50:10 HEB: בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיִּ֨סְפְּדוּ־ שָׁ֔ם מִסְפֵּ֛ד NAS: the Jordan, they lamented there KJV: Jordan, and there they mourned with a great INT: is beyond the Jordan lamented there lamentation 1 Samuel 25:1 HEB: כָל־ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־ ל֔וֹ וַיִּקְבְּרֻ֥הוּ NAS: gathered together and mourned for him, and buried KJV: were gathered together, and lamented him, and buried INT: and all Israel and mourned and buried his house 1 Samuel 28:3 HEB: וּשְׁמוּאֵ֣ל מֵ֔ת וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־ לוֹ֙ כָּל־ NAS: Israel had lamented him and buried KJV: and all Israel had lamented him, and buried INT: now Samuel was dead had lamented and all Israel 2 Samuel 1:12 HEB: וַֽיִּסְפְּדוּ֙ וַיִּבְכּ֔וּ וַיָּצֻ֖מוּ NAS: They mourned and wept and fasted KJV: And they mourned, and wept, and fasted INT: mourned and wept and fasted 2 Samuel 3:31 HEB: וְחִגְר֣וּ שַׂקִּ֔ים וְסִפְד֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר NAS: on sackcloth and lament before KJV: you with sackcloth, and mourn before INT: and gird sackcloth and lament before Abner 2 Samuel 11:26 HEB: אוּרִיָּ֣ה אִישָׁ֑הּ וַתִּסְפֹּ֖ד עַל־ בַּעְלָֽהּ׃ NAS: was dead, she mourned for her husband. KJV: was dead, she mourned for her husband. INT: Uriah her husband mourned for her husband 1 Kings 13:29 HEB: הַנָּבִ֣יא הַזָּקֵ֔ן לִסְפֹּ֖ד וּלְקָבְרֽוֹ׃ NAS: prophet to mourn and to bury KJV: to the city, to mourn and to bury INT: prophet of the old to mourn bury 1 Kings 13:30 HEB: נִבְלָת֖וֹ בְּקִבְר֑וֹ וַיִּסְפְּד֥וּ עָלָ֖יו ה֥וֹי NAS: in his own grave, and they mourned over KJV: in his own grave; and they mourned over him, [saying], Alas, INT: his body grave mourned over him Alas 1 Kings 14:13 HEB: וְסָֽפְדוּ־ ל֤וֹ כָל־ NAS: Israel shall mourn for him and bury KJV: And all Israel shall mourn for him, and bury INT: shall mourn All Israel 1 Kings 14:18 HEB: וַיִּקְבְּר֥וּ אֹת֛וֹ וַיִּסְפְּדוּ־ ל֖וֹ כָּל־ NAS: buried him and mourned for him, according to the word KJV: him; and all Israel mourned for him, according to the word INT: buried and mourned All Israel Ecclesiastes 3:4 HEB: לִשְׂח֔וֹק עֵ֥ת סְפ֖וֹד וְעֵ֥ת רְקֽוֹד׃ NAS: A time to mourn and a time KJV: a time to mourn, and a time INT: to laugh A time to mourn time to dance Ecclesiastes 12:5 HEB: וְסָבְב֥וּ בַשּׁ֖וּק הַסֹּפְדִֽים׃ NAS: home while mourners go about KJV: home, and the mourners go about INT: go the street mourners Isaiah 32:12 HEB: עַל־ שָׁדַ֖יִם סֹֽפְדִ֑ים עַל־ שְׂדֵי־ NAS: Beat your breasts for the pleasant KJV: They shall lament for the teats, INT: and your breasts Beat and fields Jeremiah 4:8 HEB: חִגְר֥וּ שַׂקִּ֖ים סִפְד֣וּ וְהֵילִ֑ילוּ כִּ֥י NAS: on sackcloth, Lament and wail; KJV: you with sackcloth, lament and howl: INT: put sackcloth Lament and wail for Jeremiah 16:4 HEB: יָמֻ֗תוּ לֹ֤א יִסָּֽפְדוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִקָּבֵ֔רוּ NAS: diseases, they will not be lamented or buried; KJV: deaths; they shall not be lamented; neither shall they be buried; INT: will die not will not be lamented or buried Jeremiah 16:5 HEB: וְאַל־ תֵּלֵ֣ךְ לִסְפּ֔וֹד וְאַל־ תָּנֹ֖ד NAS: or go to lament or to console KJV: neither go to lament nor bemoan INT: not go to lament not to console Jeremiah 16:6 HEB: יִקָּבֵ֑רוּ וְלֹֽא־ יִסְפְּד֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וְלֹ֣א NAS: they will not be buried, they will not be lamented, nor KJV: they shall not be buried, neither shall [men] lament for them, nor cut INT: will not be buried nor will not be lamented like nor Jeremiah 22:18 HEB: יְהוּדָ֔ה לֹא־ יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי NAS: of Judah, They will not lament for him: 'Alas, KJV: of Judah; They shall not lament for him, [saying], Ah INT: of Judah They will not lament Alas my brother Jeremiah 22:18 HEB: אָח֑וֹת לֹא־ יִסְפְּד֣וּ ל֔וֹ ה֥וֹי NAS: sister!' They will not lament for him: 'Alas KJV: sister! they shall not lament for him, [saying], Ah INT: sister They will not lament Alas lord Jeremiah 25:33 HEB: הָאָ֑רֶץ לֹ֣א יִסָּפְד֗וּ וְלֹ֤א יֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ NAS: to the other. They will not be lamented, gathered KJV: of the earth: they shall not be lamented, neither gathered, INT: of the earth not will not be lamented not gathered Jeremiah 34:5 HEB: וְה֥וֹי אָד֖וֹן יִסְפְּדוּ־ לָ֑ךְ כִּֽי־ NAS: they will burn [spices] for you; and they will lament for you, Alas, KJV: thee, so shall they burn [odours] for thee; and they will lament thee, [saying], Ah INT: Alas lord will lament for the word Jeremiah 49:3 HEB: חֲגֹ֣רְנָה שַׂקִּ֔ים סְפֹ֕דְנָה וְהִתְשׁוֹטַ֖טְנָה בַּגְּדֵר֑וֹת NAS: with sackcloth and lament, And rush back and forth KJV: you with sackcloth; lament, and run to and fro INT: Gird sackcloth and lament and rush the walls Ezekiel 24:16 HEB: בְּמַגֵּפָ֑ה וְלֹ֤א תִסְפֹּד֙ וְלֹ֣א תִבְכֶּ֔ה NAS: with a blow; but you shall not mourn and you shall not weep, KJV: with a stroke: yet neither shalt thou mourn nor weep, INT: A blow shall not mourn shall not weep Ezekiel 24:23 HEB: בְּרַגְלֵיכֶ֔ם לֹ֥א תִסְפְּד֖וּ וְלֹ֣א תִבְכּ֑וּ NAS: on your feet. You will not mourn and you will not weep, KJV: upon your feet: ye shall not mourn nor weep; INT: your feet You will not mourn and you will not weep 32 Occurrences Strong's Hebrew 5594 32 Occurrences ’es·pə·ḏāh — 1 Occ. has·sō·p̄ə·ḏîm — 1 Occ. kə·mis·pêḏ — 1 Occ. lis·pōḏ — 3 Occ. mis·paḏ — 1 Occ. sə·p̄ō·wḏ — 1 Occ. sə·p̄ō·ḏə·nāh — 1 Occ. sip̄·ḏū — 1 Occ. sō·p̄ə·ḏîm — 1 Occ. ṯis·pə·ḏū — 1 Occ. ṯis·pōḏ — 1 Occ. way·yis·pə·ḏū- — 6 Occ. wat·tis·pōḏ — 1 Occ. wə·sā·p̄ə·ḏāh — 1 Occ. wə·sā·p̄ə·ḏū- — 2 Occ. wə·sā·p̄ō·wḏ — 1 Occ. wə·sip̄·ḏū — 2 Occ. yis·pə·ḏū — 4 Occ. yis·sā·p̄ə·ḏū — 2 Occ.