◄ 5259. hupo ►
Lexicon hupo: by, under, beneath, through Original Word: ὑπό Part of Speech: Preposition Transliteration: hupo Pronunciation: hoo-PO Phonetic Spelling: (hoop-o') Definition: by, under, beneath, through Meaning: by, under, about. Strong's Exhaustive Concordance by, from, in, of, under, with. A primary preposition; under, i.e. (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (underneath) or where (below) or time (when (at)) -- among, by, from, in, of, under, with. In the comparative, it retains the same general applications, especially of inferior position or condition, and specially, covertly or moderately. HELPS Word-studies 5259 hypó (a preposition) – properly, under, often meaning "under authority" of someone working directly as a subordinate (under someone/something else). [5259 (hypó), before a smooth breathing mark becomes hph.] NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin a prim. preposition Definition by, under NASB Translation about (1), hands (3), power (1), under (46). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 5259: ὑπό ὑπό (i. e. Latinsub (Curtius, § 393)), preposition, under, in secular authors used with the genitive, dative, and accusative, but in the N. T. with the genitive and accusative only. (On the use and the omission of elision with it before words beginning with a vowel, see WH's Appendix, p. 146{b}; Tdf Proleg., p. 4, (addenda et emendanda).) I. with the genitive (cf. Winers Grammar, 364 (342), 368f, (346); Buttmann, § 147, 29), it is used: 1. properly, in a local sense, of situation or position under something higher, as ὑπό χτονος, often from Homer down; ὁ ἐπί γῆς καί ὑπό γῆς χρυσός, Plato, legg. 5, p. 728 a.; hence, 2. metaphorically, of the efficient cause, as that under the power of which an event is conceived of as being; here the Latin uses ἆ or ἀβ, and the English by; thus a. after passive verbs — with the genitive of a person: Matthew 1:22; Matthew 2:15; Mark 1:5; Mark 2:3; ( L T Tr WH); Luke 2:18; ( Rec.); John 10:14 R G; ; Acts 4:11; Acts 15:4; ( L T Tr WH); Romans 15:15 (R G L); 1 Corinthians 1:11; 2 Corinthians 1:4, 16; Galatians 1:11; Ephesians 2:11; Philippians 3:12; 1 Thessalonians 1:4; 2 Thessalonians 2:13; Hebrews 3:4, and in many other passages; φωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης ὑπό τῆς μεγαλοπρεποῦς δόξης, when a voice was brought by the majestic glory (cf. R. V. marginal reading), i. e. came down to him from God, 2 Peter 1:17; after γίνομαι, to be done, effected, Luke 9:7 R L in brackets; Luke 13:17; Luke 23:8; Ephesians 5:12; γίνεται τίνι ἐπιβουλή, Acts 20:3; ἡ ἐπιτιμία ἡ ὑπό τῶν πλειόνων, namely, ἐπιτιμηθεισα, 2 Corinthians 2:6; — with the genitive of a thing: Matthew 8:24; Matthew 11:7; Matthew 14:24; Luke 7:24; Luke 8:14 (see πορεύω, at the end); John 8:9; Acts 27:41; Romans 3:21; Romans 12:21; 1 Corinthians 10:29; 2 Corinthians 5:4; Ephesians 5:13; Colossians 2:18; James 1:14; James 2:9; James 3:4, 6; 2 Peter 2:7, 17; Jude 1:12; Revelation 6:13. b. with neuter verbs, and with active verbs which carry a passive meaning: πάσχειν ὑπό τίνος, Matthew 17:12; Mark 5:26; 1 Thessalonians 2:14 (Homer, Iliad 11, 119; Thucydides 1, 77; Xenophon, symp. 1, 9; Cyril 6, 1, 36; Hier. 7, 8); ἀπολέσθαι, to perish, 1 Corinthians 10:9f (very often in secular authors from Herodotus 3, 32 on); ὑπομένειν τί, Hebrews 12:3 (cf. ἀντιλογία, 2); λαμβάνειν namely, πληγάς, to be beaten, 2 Corinthians 11:24; after a term purely active, of a force by which something is bidden to be done: ἀποκτεῖναι ἐν ῤομφαία καί ὑπό τῶν θηρίων τῆς γῆς, by the wild beasts, Revelation 6:8 (cf. 9:18 Rec.) (so ὠλεσε θυμόν ὑφ' Ἐκτορος, Homer, Iliad 17, 616; cf. Matthiae, ii., p. 1393; (Buttmann, 341 (293))). II. with the accusative (Winer's Grammar, § 49, k.); 1. of motion, in answer to the question 'whither?': to come ὑπό τήν στέγην, Matthew 8:8; Luke 7:6; ἐπισυνάγειν, Matthew 23:37; Luke 13:34; with verbs of putting or placing: Matthew 5:15; Mark 4:21; Luke 11:33; 1 Corinthians 15:25; of placing under or subjecting, Luke 7:8; Romans 7:14; Romans 16:20; 1 Corinthians 15:27; Galatians 3:22; Galatians 4:3; Ephesians 1:22; 1 Peter 5:6; ἔχω τινα ὑπ' ἐμαυτόν, Matthew 8:9; Luke 7:8, γίνεσθαι, born under i. e. subject to, Galatians 4:4; of falling, tropically, James 5:12 (where Rst εἰς ὑπκρισιν). 2. of situation, position, tarrying: after κατασκηνοῦν, Mark 4:32; κάθημαι, James 2:3; with the verb εἶναι: (to and under) in a local or proper sense, John 1:48(49); Acts 4:12; Romans 3:13; 1 Corinthians 10:1; ἡ ὑπό (τόν) ὀυρνανος namely, χώρα, Luke 17:24; πάσῃ κτίσει τῇ ὑπό τόν οὐρανοῦ, namely, οὔσῃ, Colossians 1:23; τά ὑπό τόν οὐρανόν namely, ὄντα, Acts 2:5 (τά ὑπό σελήνην, Philo de vit. Moys. ii., § 12); εἶναι ὑπό τινα or τί, to be under, i. e. subject to the power of, any person or thing: Romans 3:9; Romans 6:14, 15; 1 Corinthians 9:20; Galatians 3:10, 25; Galatians 4:2, 21; Galatians 5:18; 1 Timothy 6:1; ὑπό ἐξουσίαν namely, ὤν, Matthew 8:9 (where L WH brackets read ὑπό ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος (set under authority), so also the Sinaiticus manuscript); οἱ ὑπό νόμον, namely, ὄντες, 1 Corinthians 9:20; Galatians 4:5 (ὑπό ἐκπληξιν εἶναι, Protevangelium Jacobi, 18). τηρεῖν τινα, Jude 1:6; φρουρεῖσθαι, Galatians 3:23. 3. of time, like the Latinsub (cf.sub vespe. ram), equivalent to about (see examples from the Greek writings in Passow, p. 2111{a}; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, C. III.)): ὑπό τόν ὄρθρον, about daybreak, Acts 5:21. This preposition occurs with the accusative nowhere else in the N. T. The apostle John uses it only twice with the genitive (John 14:21; 3 John 1:12 — three times, if John 10:14 R G is counted (cf. John 8:9)), and once with the accusative (John 1:48 (49)). III. in Composition ὑπό denotes: 1. locality, under: ὑποκάτω, ὑποπόδιον, ὑπωπιάζω, ὑποδέω; of the goal of motion, i. e. ὑπό τί, as ὑποδέχομαι (under one's roof); ὑπολαμβάνω (to receive by standing under); ὑποβάλλω, ὑποτίθημι; tropically, in expressions of subjection, compliance, etc., as ὑπακούω, ὑπακοή, ὑπηκως, ὑπόδικος, ὕπανδρος, ὑπάγω, ὑπολείπω, ὑποχωρέω. 2. small in degree, slightly, as ὑποπνέω. Topical Lexicon Word Origin: A primary preposition Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • H8478 תַּחַת (tachat): Often translated as "under" or "beneath," this Hebrew preposition shares a similar spatial and metaphorical range with ὑπό, indicating position or subjection. • H3027 יָד (yad): While primarily meaning "hand," it can imply agency or means, akin to the use of ὑπό in indicating the agent of an action. This entry provides a comprehensive understanding of ὑπό, highlighting its significance in conveying relationships of position, authority, and agency within the biblical text. Usage: In the New Testament, ὑπό is used to express physical position (under, beneath), subjection or control (under the authority of), and agency (by means of, by). Context: The Greek preposition ὑπό (hypó) is a versatile term found frequently in the New Testament, appearing in various contexts to convey notions of position, subjection, and agency. Its primary sense is spatial, indicating a position beneath or under something. For example, in Matthew 8:9, it is used to describe a centurion's authority over his soldiers: "For I myself am a man under authority, with soldiers under me." Beyond its spatial sense, ὑπό is often employed to denote subjection or control, as seen in Romans 6:14: "For sin shall not be your master, because you are not under law, but under grace." Here, ὑπό signifies being under the dominion or influence of something. Additionally, ὑπό is used to indicate agency, particularly in passive constructions where it identifies the agent performing an action. For instance, in Matthew 1:22, it is used to describe prophecy fulfilled "by the Lord through the prophet." The preposition ὑπό is integral to understanding the dynamics of authority, influence, and causation in the New Testament. Its usage underscores the relationship between individuals and the forces or authorities that govern them, whether divine, legal, or social. Forms and Transliterations υπ υπ' ὑπ' υπο υπό ὑπό ὑπὸ υφ υφ' ὑφ' hyp' hyph' hypo hypó hypò up uph upo Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts Englishman's Concordance Matthew 1:22 Prep GRK: τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Κυρίου διὰ KJV: which was spoken of the Lord by INT: that having been spoken by the Lord through Matthew 2:15 Prep GRK: τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Κυρίου διὰ KJV: which was spoken of the Lord by INT: that having been spoken by Lord through Matthew 2:16 Prep GRK: ὅτι ἐνεπαίχθη ὑπὸ τῶν μάγων KJV: he was mocked of the wise men, INT: that he had been tricked by the magi Matthew 3:6 Prep GRK: Ἰορδάνῃ ποταμῷ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ ἐξομολογούμενοι KJV: And were baptized of him in INT: Jordan River by him confessing Matthew 3:13 Prep GRK: τοῦ βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ' αὐτοῦ KJV: John, to be baptized of him. INT: to be baptized by him Matthew 3:14 Prep GRK: χρείαν ἔχω ὑπὸ σοῦ βαπτισθῆναι KJV: need to be baptized of thee, and INT: need have by you to be baptized Matthew 4:1 Prep GRK: τὴν ἔρημον ὑπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος KJV: was Jesus led up of the Spirit into INT: the wilderness by the Spirit Matthew 4:1 Prep GRK: πνεύματος πειρασθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου KJV: to be tempted of the devil. INT: Spirit to be tempted by the devil Matthew 5:13 Prep GRK: ἔξω καταπατεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων KJV: and to be trodden under foot of men. INT: out to be trampled upon by men Matthew 5:15 Prep GRK: τιθέασιν αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τὸν μόδιον NAS: and put it under a basket, KJV: put it under a bushel, but INT: put it under a basket Matthew 6:2 Prep GRK: ὅπως δοξασθῶσιν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων KJV: they may have glory of men. INT: that they might have glory from the men Matthew 8:8 Prep GRK: ἵνα μου ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην NAS: for You to come under my roof, KJV: thou shouldest come under my INT: that of me under the roof Matthew 8:9 Prep GRK: ἄνθρωπός εἰμι ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος NAS: a man under authority, KJV: am a man under authority, having INT: a man am under authority I appoint Matthew 8:9 Prep GRK: τασσόμενος ἔχων ὑπ' ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας NAS: with soldiers under me; and I say KJV: having soldiers under me: and INT: I appoint having under myself soldiers Matthew 8:24 Prep GRK: πλοῖον καλύπτεσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων KJV: was covered with the waves: INT: boat was covered by the waves Matthew 10:22 Prep GRK: ἔσεσθε μισούμενοι ὑπὸ πάντων διὰ KJV: ye shall be hated of all [men] for INT: you will be hated by all on account of Matthew 11:7 Prep GRK: θεάσασθαι κάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον KJV: A reed shaken with the wind? INT: to look at a reed by [the] wind shaken Matthew 11:27 Prep GRK: μοι παρεδόθη ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός KJV: are delivered unto me of my Father: INT: to me were delivered by the Father Matthew 14:8 Prep GRK: δὲ προβιβασθεῖσα ὑπὸ τῆς μητρὸς KJV: she, being before instructed of her INT: and having been urged on by the mother Matthew 14:24 Prep GRK: ἀπεῖχεν βασανιζόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων KJV: of the sea, tossed with waves: for INT: being tossed by the waves Matthew 17:12 Prep GRK: μέλλει πάσχειν ὑπ' αὐτῶν NAS: is going to suffer at their hands. KJV: of man suffer of them. INT: is about to suffer from them Matthew 19:12 Prep GRK: οἵτινες εὐνουχίσθησαν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων KJV: which were made eunuchs of men: and INT: who were made eunuchs by men Matthew 20:23 Prep GRK: οἷς ἡτοίμασται ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός KJV: it is prepared of my INT: for whom it has been prepared by the Father Matthew 22:31 Prep GRK: ῥηθὲν ὑμῖν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ KJV: was spoken unto you by God, saying, INT: having been spoken to you by God Matthew 23:7 Prep GRK: καὶ καλεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων KJV: and to be called of men, Rabbi, INT: and to be called by men Strong's Greek 5259 222 Occurrences ὑπ' — 25 Occ. ὑφ' — 9 Occ. ὑπὸ — 188 Occ.