◄ 4074. Petros ►
Lexicon Petros: Peter Original Word: Πέτρος Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine Transliteration: Petros Pronunciation: PEH-tros Phonetic Spelling: (pet'-ros) Definition: Peter Meaning: Peter, a Greek name meaning rock. Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Peter, rock. Apparently a primary word; a (piece of) rock (larger than lithos); as a name, Petrus, an apostle -- Peter, rock. Compare Kephas. see GREEK lithos see GREEK Kephas HELPS Word-studies 4074 Pétros (a masculine noun) – properly, a stone (pebble), such as a small rock found along a pathway. 4074 /Pétros ("small stone") then stands in contrast to 4073 /pétra ("cliff, boulder," Abbott-Smith). "4074 (Pétros) is an isolated rock and 4073 (pétra) is a cliff" (TDNT, 3, 100). "4074 (Pétros) always means a stone . . . such as a man may throw, . . . versus 4073 (pétra), a projecting rock, cliff" (S. Zodhiates, Dict). NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin a noun akin to petra, used as a proper name Definition "a stone" or "a boulder," Peter, one of the twelve apostles NASB Translation Peter (150), Peter's (5). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 4074: Πέτρος Πέτρος, Πέτρου, ὁ (an appellative proper name, signifying 'a stone,' 'a rock,' 'a ledge' or 'cliff'; used metaphorically of a soul hard and unyielding, and so resembling a rock, Sophocles O. R. 334; Euripides, Med. 28; Herc. fur. 1397; answering to the Chaldean Κηφᾶς, which see, John 1:42 (43)), Peter, the surname of the apostle Simon. He was a native of Bethsaida, a town of Galilee, the son of a fisherman (see Ἰωάννης, 3, and Ἰωνᾶς, 2), and dwelt with his wife at Capernaum, Matthew 8:14; Mark 1:30; Luke 4:38, cf. 1 Corinthians 9:5. He had a brother Andrew, with whom he followed the occupation of a fisherman, Matthew 4:18; Mark 1:16; Luke 5:3. Both were received by Jesus as his companions, Matthew 4:19; Mark 1:17; Luke 5:10; John 1:40-42 (41-43); and Simon, whose pre-eminent courage and firmness he discerned and especially relied on for the future establishment of the kingdom of God, he honored with the name of Peter, John 1:42 (43); Matthew 16:18; Mark 3:16. Excelling in vigor of mind, eagerness to learn, and love for Jesus, he enjoyed, together with James and John the sons of Zebedee, the special favor and intimacy of his divine Master. After having for some time presided, in connection with John and James the brother of our Lord (see Ἰάκωβος, 3), over the affairs of the Christians at Jerusalem, he seems to have gone abroad to preach the gospel especially to Jews (Galatians 2:9; 1 Corinthians 9:5; 1 Peter 5:13; Papias in Eusebius 3, 39, 15; for Papias states that Peter employed Mark as 'interpreter' (ἑρμηνευτής), an aid of which he had no need except beyond the borders of Palestine, especially among those who spoke Latin (but on the disputed meaning: of the word 'interpreter' here, see Morison, Commentary on Mark, edition 2, Introduction, p. xxix)). But just as, on the night of the betrayal, Peter proved so far faithless to himself as thrice to deny that he was a follower of Jesus, so also some time afterward at Antioch he made greater concessions to the rigorous Jewish Christians than Christian liberty permitted; accordingly he was rebuked by Paul for his weakness and 'dissimulation' (ὑπόκρισις), Galatians 2:11ff. Nevertheless, in the patristic age Jewish Christians did not hesitate to claim the authority of Peter and of James the brother of the Lord in defense of their narrow views and practices. This is not the place to relate and refute the ecclesiastical traditions concerning Peter's being the founder of the church at Rome and bishop of it for twenty-five years and more; the discussion of them may be found in Hase, Protestant. Polemik gegen die röm.-kathol. Kirche, edition 4, p. 123ff; (cf. Schaff, Church History, 1882, vol. i. §§ 25, 26; Sieffert in Herzog edition 2, vol. xi., p. 524ff, and (for references), p. 537f). This one thing seems to be evident from John 21:18ff, that Peter suffered death by crucifixion (cf. Keil ad loc.; others doubt whether Christ's words contain anything more than a general prediction of martyrdom). If he was crucified at Rome, it must have been several years after the death of Paul. (Cf. BB. DD. and references as above) He is called in the N. T., at one time, simply Σίμων (once Συμεών, Acts 15:14), and (and that, too, most frequently (see B. D. under the word , under the end (p. 2459 American edition))), Πέτρος and Κηφᾶς (which see), then again Σίμων Πέτρος, Matthew 16:16; Luke 5:8; John (John 1:42 ()); 6:(),; ,(); ; once Συμεών Πέτρος (2 Peter 1:1 where L WH text Σίμων); Σίμων ὁ λεγόμενος Πέτρος, Matthew 4:18; Matthew 10:2; Σίμων ὁ ἐπικαλούμενος Πέτρος, Acts 10:18; Acts 11:13; Σίμων ὅς ἐπικαλεῖται Πέτρος, Acts 10:5, 32. Topical Lexicon Word Origin: Derived from the Greek word πέτρα (petra), meaning "rock" or "stone." Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for the Greek name Πέτρος, the concept of a "rock" or "stone" can be related to the Hebrew word צוּר (tsur, Strong's Hebrew 6697), which also means "rock" or "cliff." This term is often used metaphorically in the Hebrew Bible to describe God as a rock or fortress. Usage: The name Πέτρος is used in the New Testament to refer to Simon Peter, one of the foremost apostles of Jesus Christ. He is often depicted as a leading figure among the disciples and is known for his strong faith, as well as his moments of doubt and denial. Context: • Identity and Role: Simon Peter, also known simply as Peter, was originally a fisherman by trade. He was called by Jesus to be a "fisher of men" (Matthew 4:19, BSB). Peter is often considered the leader of the apostles and is frequently mentioned first in lists of the disciples (e.g., Matthew 10:2, BSB). • Confession of Faith: Peter is renowned for his confession of Jesus as the Messiah, the Son of the living God, which prompted Jesus to declare, "You are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church" (Matthew 16:18, BSB). • Key Events: Peter witnessed many of Jesus' miracles and teachings. He was present at the Transfiguration (Matthew 17:1-9, BSB) and was one of the few disciples who walked on water, albeit briefly, before doubting (Matthew 14:29-31, BSB). Despite his strong faith, Peter famously denied Jesus three times before the crucifixion (Matthew 26:69-75, BSB). • Post-Resurrection: After Jesus' resurrection, Peter was restored and commissioned by Jesus to "feed My sheep" (John 21:17, BSB). He played a pivotal role in the early church, as depicted in the Acts of the Apostles, where he delivered powerful sermons and performed miracles (Acts 2:14-41, BSB; Acts 3:1-10, BSB). • Legacy: Peter is traditionally regarded as a foundational figure in Christianity, often associated with the establishment of the church. His epistles, 1 Peter and 2 Peter, are part of the New Testament canon and offer guidance on faith, suffering, and the return of Christ. Forms and Transliterations Πετρε Πέτρε ΠΕΤΡΟΝ Πέτρον ΠΕΤΡΟΣ Πέτρος Πετρου Πέτρου Πετρω Πέτρῳ Petre Pétre Petro Petrō Pétroi Pétrōi PETRON Pétron PETROS Pétros Petrou Pétrou Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts Englishman's Concordance Matthew 4:18 N-AMS GRK: τὸν λεγόμενον Πέτρον καὶ Ἀνδρέαν NAS: who was called Peter, and Andrew KJV: Simon called Peter, and Andrew INT: who is called Peter and Andrew Matthew 8:14 N-GMS GRK: τὴν οἰκίαν Πέτρου εἶδεν τὴν NAS: came into Peter's home, KJV: was come into Peter's house, he saw INT: the house of Peter he saw the Matthew 10:2 N-NMS GRK: ὁ λεγόμενος Πέτρος καὶ Ἀνδρέας NAS: who is called Peter, and Andrew KJV: who is called Peter, and Andrew INT: who is called Peter and Andrew Matthew 14:28 N-NMS GRK: δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ NAS: Peter said to Him, Lord, KJV: And Peter answered him INT: moreover Peter said to him Matthew 14:29 N-NMS GRK: πλοίου ὁ Πέτρος περιεπάτησεν ἐπὶ NAS: Come! And Peter got KJV: And when Peter was come down INT: boat Peter walked upon Matthew 15:15 N-NMS GRK: δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ NAS: Peter said to Him, Explain KJV: Then answered Peter and said unto him, INT: moreover Peter said to him Matthew 16:16 N-NMS GRK: δὲ Σίμων Πέτρος εἶπεν Σὺ NAS: Simon Peter answered, KJV: And Simon Peter answered and said, INT: moreover Simon Peter said You Matthew 16:18 N-NMS GRK: σὺ εἶ Πέτρος καὶ ἐπὶ NAS: say to you that you are Peter, and upon this KJV: thou art Peter, and upon INT: you are Peter and on Matthew 16:22 N-NMS GRK: αὐτὸν ὁ Πέτρος ἤρξατο ἐπιτιμᾷν NAS: Peter took Him aside and began KJV: Then Peter took him, INT: him Peter began to rebuke Matthew 16:23 N-DMS GRK: εἶπεν τῷ Πέτρῳ Ὕπαγε ὀπίσω NAS: and said to Peter, Get KJV: and said unto Peter, Get thee INT: he said to Peter Get behind Matthew 17:1 N-AMS GRK: Ἰησοῦς τὸν Πέτρον καὶ Ἰάκωβον NAS: took with Him Peter and James KJV: Jesus taketh Peter, James, and INT: Jesus Peter and James Matthew 17:4 N-NMS GRK: δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν τῷ NAS: Peter said to Jesus, KJV: answered Peter, and said INT: moreover Peter said Matthew 17:24 N-DMS GRK: λαμβάνοντες τῷ Πέτρῳ καὶ εἶπαν NAS: [tax] came to Peter and said, KJV: [money] came to Peter, and INT: received to Peter and said Matthew 18:21 N-NMS GRK: προσελθὼν ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ NAS: Then Peter came and said KJV: Then came Peter to him, and said, INT: having come Peter said to him Matthew 19:27 N-NMS GRK: ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ NAS: Then Peter said to Him, Behold, KJV: Then answered Peter and said unto him, INT: having answered Peter said to him Matthew 26:33 N-NMS GRK: δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ NAS: But Peter said to Him, [Even] though KJV: Peter answered and INT: moreover Peter said to him Matthew 26:35 N-NMS GRK: αὐτῷ ὁ Πέτρος Κἂν δέῃ NAS: Peter said to Him, Even if KJV: Peter said unto him, INT: to him Peter Even if it were needful for Matthew 26:37 N-AMS GRK: παραλαβὼν τὸν Πέτρον καὶ τοὺς NAS: And He took with Him Peter and the two KJV: And he took with him Peter and the two INT: having taken with [him] Peter and the Matthew 26:40 N-DMS GRK: λέγει τῷ Πέτρῳ Οὕτως οὐκ NAS: and said to Peter, So, KJV: and saith unto Peter, What, could ye INT: he says to Peter Thus not Matthew 26:58 N-NMS GRK: ὁ δὲ Πέτρος ἠκολούθει αὐτῷ NAS: But Peter was following KJV: But Peter followed him INT: moreover Peter followed him Matthew 26:69 N-NMS GRK: Ὁ δὲ Πέτρος ἐκάθητο ἔξω NAS: Now Peter was sitting outside KJV: Now Peter sat without INT: moreover Peter was sitting outside Matthew 26:73 N-DMS GRK: εἶπον τῷ Πέτρῳ Ἀληθῶς καὶ NAS: up and said to Peter, Surely KJV: and said to Peter, Surely INT: said to Peter Truly also Matthew 26:75 N-NMS GRK: ἐμνήσθη ὁ Πέτρος τοῦ ῥήματος NAS: And Peter remembered the word KJV: And Peter remembered the word INT: remembered Peter the word Mark 3:16 N-AMS GRK: τῷ Σίμωνι Πέτρον NAS: (to whom He gave the name Peter), KJV: Simon he surnamed Peter; INT: to Simon Peter Mark 5:37 N-AMS GRK: μὴ τὸν Πέτρον καὶ Ἰάκωβον NAS: Him, except Peter and James KJV: him, save Peter, and James, INT: not Peter and James Strong's Greek 4074 156 Occurrences Πέτρε — 3 Occ. Πέτρῳ — 15 Occ. Πέτρον — 26 Occ. Πέτρος — 100 Occ. Πέτρου — 12 Occ.