◄ 1 Corinthians 9:19 ►
Though I am free of obligation to anyone, I make myself a slave to everyone, to win as many as possible.
Study Bible
Though I am free of obligation to anyone,

Paul begins by asserting his freedom, which is rooted in his identity in Christ. As an apostle, he is not bound by human authority or traditions. This freedom is a recurring theme in Paul's letters, emphasizing the believer's liberation from the law (Galatians 5:1). Historically, Corinth was a city known for its diverse population and cultural influences, which may have pressured individuals to conform. Paul’s statement highlights his independence from these societal expectations.

1Co 7:23 You were bought at a price; do not become slaves of men.
1Pe 2:16 Live in freedom, but do not use your freedom as a cover-up…
Gal 5:1 It is for freedom that Christ has set us free.…

I make myself a slave to everyone,

Despite his freedom, Paul chooses to become a servant to all. This reflects the example of Jesus, who, though divine, took on the form of a servant (Philippians 2:7). In the Greco-Roman world, slavery was a common institution, and Paul's use of this metaphor would have been powerful, illustrating total commitment and humility. This voluntary servitude is a strategic choice to connect with people across different cultural and social backgrounds.

Mrk 10:44 and whoever wants to be first must be the slave of all.
Mat 20:27 and whoever wants to be first among you must be your slave—
2Co 4:5 For we do not proclaim ourselves, but Jesus Christ as Lord…

to win as many as possible.

Paul's ultimate goal is evangelism, driven by a desire to bring others to Christ. This mission aligns with the Great Commission (Matthew 28:19-20) and reflects the heart of God, who desires all to be saved (1 Timothy 2:4). The phrase underscores the urgency and importance of spreading the Gospel, as well as Paul's willingness to adapt his approach to reach diverse groups, whether Jews, Gentiles, or those under the law (1 Corinthians 9:20-22). This adaptability is not compromise but a strategic effort to remove barriers to the Gospel.

Pro 11:30 The fruit of the righteous is a tree of life…
1Pe 3:1 Wives, in the same way, submit yourselves to your husbands,…
Mat 18:15 If your brother sins against you, go and confront him…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Paul the Apostle
The author of 1 Corinthians, Paul was a key figure in the early Christian church, known for his missionary journeys and extensive writings. He was a Roman citizen and a former Pharisee who converted to Christianity after an encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus.

2. Corinth
A major city in ancient Greece, known for its wealth and diversity. It was a significant center for trade and culture, and the church in Corinth faced many challenges related to its environment, including issues of morality and division.

3. The Corinthian Church
The recipients of Paul's letter, this early Christian community struggled with various issues, including divisions, immorality, and questions about Christian freedom and responsibility.
Teaching Points
Understanding Christian Freedom
Paul emphasizes that true Christian freedom is not about self-indulgence but about the ability to serve others selflessly. This freedom allows believers to prioritize the needs of others over their own rights.

The Heart of Servanthood
By choosing to become a "slave to everyone," Paul models the heart of servanthood. Christians are called to adopt a similar attitude, seeking to serve others in love and humility, following the example of Christ.

Evangelistic Purpose
Paul's ultimate goal in becoming a servant to all is to "win as many as possible" for Christ. This highlights the importance of evangelism and the need to adapt our approach to reach different people effectively.

Cultural Sensitivity in Ministry
Paul's willingness to adapt to different cultural contexts without compromising the Gospel message teaches us the importance of being culturally sensitive and relevant in our ministry efforts.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Paul's example of becoming a "slave to everyone" challenge your understanding of Christian freedom and responsibility?

2. In what ways can you apply the principle of servanthood in your daily interactions with others, both within and outside the church?

3. How can you balance cultural sensitivity with maintaining the integrity of the Gospel message in your evangelistic efforts?

4. Reflect on a time when you prioritized your rights over serving others. How might Paul's example inspire a different approach in similar situations?

5. How do the teachings of Jesus on servanthood in Mark 10:44-45 reinforce Paul's message in 1 Corinthians 9:19, and how can this shape your perspective on leadership and influence?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Philippians 2:5-7
Paul speaks of Christ's humility and His willingness to take on the form of a servant, which parallels Paul's own approach to serving others for the sake of the Gospel.

Galatians 5:13
Paul discusses the concept of Christian freedom and how it should be used to serve one another in love, echoing the sentiment of becoming a "slave to everyone."

Mark 10:44-45
Jesus teaches about servanthood, emphasizing that greatness in God's kingdom comes through serving others, which aligns with Paul's mission to win others by becoming a servant.
Sermons
A Servant of MenAlexander Maclaren1 Corinthians 9:19
A True MinisterA. F. Barfield.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
Abstinence from Rightful PrivilegesF. W. Robertson, M. A.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
Maintenance of the MinistryM. Dods, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
Ministerial IndependenceJ. Lyth, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
Signs of ApostleshipProf. J. R. Thomson.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
The Claims of the Christian MinisterJ. Lyth, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
The Leading Characteristics of a Truly Great Gospel MinisterD. Thomas, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
The Right of the Ministry to SupportJ. Lyth, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
The Seal of ApostleshipJ. Lyth, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
The Successful MinisterJ. Lyth, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:1-22
Reasons for This Self DenialC. Lipscomb 1 Corinthians 9:15-23
St. Paul an ExceptionR. Tuck 1 Corinthians 9:15-23
Aspects of St. Paul's MinistryC. Hodge, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:17-19
Ministers and Wealth1 Corinthians 9:17-19
Purity of Motive Required in Every Christian MinisterJ. Lyth, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:17-19
The Highest Service of Man EarthD. Thomas, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:17-19
True Ministerial IndependenceJ. Lyth, D. D.1 Corinthians 9:17-19
Ministerial Pliancy and AdaptationJ.R. Thomson 1 Corinthians 9:19-23
The Principle of AccommodationH. Bremner 1 Corinthians 9:19-23
People
Barnabas, Cephas, Christians, Corinthians, Paul, Peter
Places
Corinth
Topics
Belong, Bondage, Bondman, Control, Converts, Free, Gain, Hope, Human, Myself, Possible, Salvation, Servant, Slave, Though, Win, Winning, Yet
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Corinthians 9:19

     7449   slavery, spiritual

1 Corinthians 9:16-23

     6696   necessity

1 Corinthians 9:19-22

     8239   earnestness

1 Corinthians 9:19-23

     5109   Paul, apostle
     5811   compromise
     8356   unselfishness
     8426   evangelism, motivation
     8481   self-sacrifice

1 Corinthians 9:19-27

     5773   abstinence, discipline

Library
Third Sunday Before Lent
Text: First Corinthians 9, 24-27; 10, 1-5. 24 Know ye not that they that run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? Even so run; that ye may attain. 25 And every man that striveth in the games exerciseth self-control in all things. Now they do it to receive a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible. 26 I therefore so run, as not uncertainly; so fight I, as not beating the air: 27 but I buffet my body, and bring it into bondage: lest by any means, after that I have preached to others, …
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

How the victor Runs
So run, that ye may obtain.'--1 COR. ix. 24. 'So run.' Does that mean 'Run so that ye obtain?' Most people, I suppose, superficially reading the words, attach that significance to them, but the 'so' here carries a much greater weight of meaning than that. It is a word of comparison. The Apostle would have the Corinthians recall the picture which he has been putting before them--a picture of a scene that was very familiar to them; for, as most of us know, one of the most important of the Grecian …
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

'Concerning the Crown'
'They do it to obtain a corruptible crown, but we are incorruptible.'--1 COR. ix. 25. One of the most famous of the Greek athletic festivals was held close by Corinth. Its prize was a pine-wreath from the neighbouring sacred grove. The painful abstinence and training of ten months, and the fierce struggle of ten minutes, had for their result a twist of green leaves, that withered in a week, and a little fading fame that was worth scarcely more, and lasted scarcely longer. The struggle and the discipline …
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

The Sin of Silence
'For though I preach the Gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the Gospel! 17. For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward.'--1 COR. ix. 16, 17. The original reference of these words is to the Apostle's principle and practice of not receiving for his support money from the churches. Gifts he did accept; pay he did not. The exposition of his reason is interesting, ingenuous, and chivalrous. He strongly asserts his right, even …
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

A Servant of Men
'For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more. 20. And unto the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might gain the Jews; to them that are under the law, as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law; 21. To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law. 22. To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak: I am made all …
Alexander Maclaren—Romans, Corinthians (To II Corinthians, Chap. V)

Preach the Gospel
Now, these words of Paul, I trust, are applicable to many ministers in the present day; to all those who are especially called, who are directed by the inward impulse of the Holy Spirit to occupy the position of gospel ministers. In trying to consider this verse, we shall have three inquiries this morning:--First, What is it to preach the gospel? Secondly, Why is it that a minister has nothing to glorify of? And thirdly, What is that necessity and that woe, of which it is written, "Necessity is laid …
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 1: 1855

The Heavenly Race
And now, in entering upon the text, I shall have to notice what it is we are to run for: "So run that ye may obtain;" secondly, the mode of running, to which we must attend--"So run that ye may obtain;" and then I shall give a few practical exhortations to stir those onward in the heavenly race who are flagging and negligent, in order that they may at last "obtain." I. In the first place, then, WHAT IS IT THAT WE OUGHT TO SEEK TO OBTAIN? Some people think they must be religious, in order to be respectable. …
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 4: 1858

"Now the God of Hope Fill You with all Joy and Peace in Believing," &C.
Rom. xv. 13.--"Now the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing," &c. It is usual for the Lord in his word to turn his precepts unto promises, which shows us, that the commandments of God do not so much import an ability in us, or suppose strength to fulfil them, as declare that obligation which lies upon us, and his purpose and intention to accomplish in some, what he requires of all: and therefore we should accordingly convert all his precepts unto prayers, seeing he hath made …
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Bunyan -- the Heavenly Footman
John Bunyan was born in the village of Elstow, near Bedford, England, in 1628. Because of his fearless preaching he was imprisoned in Bedford jail from 1660 to 1672, and again for six months in 1675, during which latter time it is said his wonderful "Pilgrim's Progress" was written. While his sermons in their tedious prolixity share the fault of his time, they are characterized by vividness, epigrammatic wit, and dramatic fervor. The purity and simplicity of his style have been highly praised, and …
Various—The World's Great Sermons, Vol. 2

Against Vain Judgments of Men
"My Son, anchor thy soul firmly upon God, and fear not man's judgment, when conscience pronounceth thee pious and innocent. It is good and blessed thus to suffer; nor will it be grievous to the heart which is humble, and which trusteth in God more than in itself. Many men have many opinions, and therefore little trust is to be placed in them. But moreover it is impossible to please all. Although Paul studied to please all men in the Lord, and to become all things to all men,(1) yet nevertheless …
Thomas A Kempis—Imitation of Christ

Apostles To-Day?
"Am I not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are ye not my work in the Lord?"--1 Cor. ix. 1. We may not take leave of the apostolate without a last look at the circle of its members. It is a closed circle; and every effort to reopen it tends to efface a characteristic of the New Covenant. And yet the effort is being made again and again. We see it in Rome's apostolic succession; in the Ethical view gradually effacing the boundary-line between the apostles and believers; …
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Though in Order to Establish this Suitable Difference Between the Fruits or Effects of virtue and vice,
so reasonable in itself, and so absolutely necessary for the vindication of the honour of God, the nature of things, and the constitution and order of God's creation, was originally such, that the observance of the eternal rules of justice, equity, and goodness, does indeed of itself tend by direct and natural consequence to make all creatures happy, and the contrary practice to make them miserable; yet since, through some great and general corruption and depravation, (whencesoever that may have …
Samuel Clarke—A Discourse Concerning the Being and Attributes of God

An Essay on the Scriptural Doctrine of Immortality
AN ESSAY ON THE SCRIPTURAL DOCTRINE OF IMMORTALITY BY THE REV. JAMES CHALLIS, M.A., F.R.S., F.R.A.S. PLUMIAN PROFESSOR OF ASTRONOMY AND EXPERIMENTAL PHILOSOPHY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE, AND FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE. Anagke gar moi epikeitai ouai gar moi estin, ean me euaggelzumai --1 Cor. ix. 16 RIVINGTONS London, Oxford, and Cambridge MDCCCLXXX RIVINGTONS London . . . . . . Waterloo Place Oxford . . . . . . Magdalen Street Cambridge . . . . Trinity Street [All rights reserved] …
James Challis—An Essay on the Scriptural Doctrine of Immortality

Concerning Christian Liberty
CHRISTIAN faith has appeared to many an easy thing; nay, not a few even reckon it among the social virtues, as it were; and this they do, because they have not made proof of it experimentally, and have never tasted of what efficacy it is. For it is not possible for any man to write well about it, or to understand well what is rightly written, who has not at some time tasted of its spirit, under the pressure of tribulation. While he who has tasted of it, even to a very small extent, can never write, …
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

The Edict of Banishment, 1729-1736.
But Zinzendorf was not long allowed to tread the primrose path of peace. As the news of his proceedings spread in Germany, many orthodox Lutherans began to regard him as a nuisance, a heretic, and a disturber of the peace; and one critic made the elegant remark: "When Count Zinzendorf flies up into the air, anyone who pulls him down by the legs will do him a great service." He was accused of many crimes, and had many charges to answer. He was accused of founding a new sect, a society for laziness; …
J. E. Hutton—History of the Moravian Church

But He Speaks More Openly in the Rest which He Subjoins...
9. But he speaks more openly in the rest which he subjoins, and altogether removes all causes of doubting. "If we unto you," saith he, "have sown spiritual things, is it a great matter if we shall reap your carnal things?" What are the spiritual things which he sowed, but the word and mystery of the sacrament of the kingdom of heaven? And what the carnal things which he saith he had a right to reap, but these temporal things which are indulged to the life and indigency of the flesh? These however …
St. Augustine—Of the Work of Monks.

Hence Arises Another Question; for Peradventure one May Say...
23. Hence arises another question; for peradventure one may say, "What then? did the other Apostles, and the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas, sin, in that they did not work? Or did they occasion an hindrance to the Gospel, because blessed Paul saith that he had not used this power on purpose that he might not cause any hindrance to the Gospel of Christ? For if they sinned because they wrought not, then had they not received power not to work, but to live instead by the Gospel. But if they had received …
St. Augustine—Of the Work of Monks.

We are not Binding Heavy Burdens and Laying them Upon Your Shoulders...
37. We are not binding heavy burdens and laying them upon your shoulders, while we with a finger will not touch them. Seek out, and acknowledge the labor of our occupations, and in some of us the infirmities of our bodies also, and in the Churches which we serve, that custom now grown up, that they do not suffer us to have time ourselves for those works to which we exhort you. For though we might say, "Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges? Who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the …
St. Augustine—Of the Work of Monks.

And He Comes Back Again, and in all Ways...
10. And he comes back again, and in all ways, over and over again, enforceth what he hath the right to do, yet doeth not. "Do ye not know," saith he, "that they which work in the temple, eat of the things which are in the temple? they which serve the altar, have their share with the altar? So hath the Lord ordained for them which preach the Gospel, to live of the Gospel. But I have used none of these things." [2500] What more open than this? what more clear? I fear lest haply, while I discourse wishing …
St. Augustine—Of the Work of Monks.

But Now, that as Bearing with the Infirmity of Men He did This...
12. But now, that as bearing with the infirmity of men he did this, let us hear what follows: "For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more. To them that are under the law, I became as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law; to them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law." [2505] Which thing he did, not with craftiness …
St. Augustine—Of the Work of Monks.

There Resulteth Then from all These this Sentence...
41. There resulteth then from all these this sentence, that a lie which doth not violate the doctrine of piety, nor piety itself, nor innocence, nor benevolence, may on behalf of pudicity of body be admitted. And yet if any man should propose to himself so to love truth, not only that which consists in contemplation, but also in uttering the true thing, which each in its own kind of things is true, and no otherwise to bring forth with the mouth of the body his thought than in the mind it is conceived …
St. Augustine—On Lying

The Great Synod Has Stringently Forbidden any Bishop, Presbyter...
The great Synod has stringently forbidden any bishop, presbyter, deacon, or any one of the clergy whatever, to have a subintroducta dwelling with him, except only a mother, or sister, or aunt, or such persons only as are beyond all suspicion. Notes. Ancient Epitome of Canon III. No one shall have a woman in his house except his mother, and sister, and persons altogether beyond suspicion. Justellus. Who these mulieres subintroductæ were does not sufficiently appear...but they were neither wives …
Philip Schaff—The Seven Ecumenical Councils

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