Shall bring him unto the judges - אל האלהים el haelohim, literally, to God; or, as the Septuagint have it, προς το κριτηριον Θεου, to the judgment of God; who condescended to dwell among his people; who determined all their differences till he had given them laws for all cases, and who, by his omniscience, brought to light the hidden things of dishonesty. See Exodus 22:8.

Bore his ear through with an awl - This was a ceremony sufficiently significant, as it implied,

1. That he was closely attached to that house and family.

2. That he was bound to hear all his master's orders, and to obey them punctually. Boring of the ear was an ancient custom in the east. It is referred to by Juvenal: -

Prior, inquit, ego adsum.

Cur timeam, dubitemve locum defendere? Quamvis

Natus ad Euphraten, Molles quod in Aure Fenestrae

Arguerint, licet ipse negem.

Sat. i.102.

"First come, first served, he cries; and I, in spite

Of your great lordships, will maintain my right:

Though born a slave, though my torn Ears are Bored,

'Tis not the birth, 'tis money makes the lord."

continued...

the judges

Exodus 21:22 If men strive, and hurt a woman with child, so that her fruit depart from her, and yet no mischief follow: he shall be surely punished...

Exodus 12:12 For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast...

Exodus 18:21-26 Moreover you shall provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness...

Exodus 22:8,9,28 If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall be brought to the judges...

Numbers 25:6-8 And, behold, one of the children of Israel came and brought to his brothers a Midianitish woman in the sight of Moses...

Deuteronomy 1:16 And I charged your judges at that time, saying, Hear the causes between your brothers...

Deuteronomy 16:18 Judges and officers shall you make you in all your gates, which the LORD your God gives you, throughout your tribes...

Deuteronomy 19:17,18 Then both the men, between whom the controversy is, shall stand before the LORD, before the priests and the judges...

1 Samuel 8:1,2 And it came to pass, when Samuel was old, that he made his sons judges over Israel...

Isaiah 1:26 And I will restore your judges as at the first, and your counsellors as at the beginning: afterward you shall be called...

Zephaniah 3:3 Her princes within her are roaring lions; her judges are evening wolves; they gnaw not the bones till the morrow.

bore his ear. This significant ceremony was intended as a mark of permanent servitude, and was calculated to impress the servant with the duty of hearing all his master's orders, and obeying them punctually.

Psalm 40:6-8 Sacrifice and offering you did not desire; my ears have you opened: burnt offering and sin offering have you not required...

for every

Leviticus 25:23,40 The land shall not be sold for ever: for the land is mine, for you are strangers and sojourners with me...

Deuteronomy 15:17 Then you shall take an awl, and thrust it through his ear to the door, and he shall be your servant for ever...

1 Samuel 1:22 But Hannah went not up; for she said to her husband, I will not go up until the child be weaned, and then I will bring him...

1 Samuel 27:12 And Achish believed David, saying, He has made his people Israel utterly to abhor him; therefore he shall be my servant for ever.

1 Samuel 28:2 And David said to Achish, Surely you shall know what your servant can do. And Achish said to David...

1 Kings 12:7 And they spoke to him, saying, If you will be a servant to this people this day, and will serve them, and answer them...

A Discourse of the Building, Nature, Excellency, and Government of the House of God; with Counsels and Directions to the Inhabitants Thereof.
BY JOHN BUNYAN, OF BEDFORD. 'Lord, I have loved the habitation of thy house, and the place where thine honour dwelleth.'--Psalm 26:8 ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. Beautiful in its simplicity is this treatise on the Church of Christ, by John Bunyan. He opens, with profound knowledge and eminent skill, all those portions of sacred writ which illustrate the nature, excellency, and government of the house of God, with the personal and relative duties of its inhabitants. It was originally published in …
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Councils of Ariminum and Seleucia.
Part I. History of the Councils. Reason why two Councils were called. Inconsistency and folly of calling any; and of the style of the Arian formularies; occasion of the Nicene Council; proceedings at Ariminum; Letter of the Council to Constantius; its decree. Proceedings at Seleucia; reflections on the conduct of the Arians. 1. Perhaps news has reached even yourselves concerning the Council, which is at this time the subject of general conversation; for letters both from the Emperor and the Prefects …
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

The Section Chap. I. -iii.
The question which here above all engages our attention, and requires to be answered, is this: Whether that which is reported in these chapters did, or did not, actually and outwardly take place. The history of the inquiries connected with this question is found most fully in Marckius's "Diatribe de uxore fornicationum," Leyden, 1696, reprinted in the Commentary on the Minor Prophets by the same author. The various views may be divided into three classes. 1. It is maintained by very many interpreters, …
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament