Joshua 5:6
For the Israelites had wandered in the wilderness forty years, until all the nation's men of war who had come out of Egypt had died, since they did not obey the LORD. So the LORD vowed never to let them see the land He had sworn to their fathers to give us, a land flowing with milk and honey.
For the Israelites had wandered in the wilderness forty years,

Israel’s forty years in the wilderness fulfilled God’s judgment after the people refused to enter Canaan in unbelief. The wilderness became the setting in which the generation delivered from Egypt was tested, disciplined, and replaced by their children.

Num 14:33-34 Your children will be shepherds in the wilderness…
Deu 8:2 Remember that these forty years the LORD your God led you…
Deu 29:5 For forty years I led you in the wilderness…

until all the nation’s men of war who had come out of Egypt had died,

The fighting men counted after the exodus had seen God’s power in Egypt, at the Red Sea, and in the wilderness, yet they rejected His command to take the land. Except for Joshua and Caleb, that generation died before Israel entered Canaan.

Deu 2:14 The time we spent traveling from Kadesh-barnea…
Num 14:29-30 Your bodies will fall in this wilderness…
Num 26:64-65 Among all these, however, there was not one…

since they did not obey the LORD.

Their failure was not merely fear of Canaan’s inhabitants but rebellion against God’s clear command and promise. Their unbelief kept them from receiving what God had prepared for them.

Deu 1:26-27 But you were unwilling to go up; you rebelled…
Deu 9:23-24 And when the LORD sent you out from Kadesh-barnea…
Psa 106:24-26 They despised the pleasant land; they did not believe…

So the LORD vowed never to let them see the land

God’s judgment was certain because He had declared it. The delay in entering Canaan did not cancel His purpose for Israel, but it showed the seriousness of rejecting His word.

Deu 1:35-36 Not one of the men of this evil generation…
Num 14:23 Not one will ever see the land I swore to give their fathers…
Heb 3:18-19 And to whom did He swear they would never enter His rest?…

He had sworn to their fathers to give us,

The land remained the covenant inheritance promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. God preserved that promise through the next generation despite the unbelief of their fathers.

Exo 6:8 And I will bring you into the land that I swore to give…
Gen 15:18-21 On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram…
Gen 12:7 Then the LORD appeared to Abram and said,…

a land flowing with milk and honey.

Canaan was a fertile and productive land, able to support abundant flocks, herds, and crops. Its richness displayed God’s provision and the blessing He had promised to give Israel.

Exo 3:8 I have come down to rescue them from the hand of Egyptians…
Exo 33:3 Go up to a land flowing with milk and honey.…
Num 13:27 And they gave this account to Moses: “We went…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Israelites
The chosen people of God who were delivered from slavery in Egypt and wandered in the wilderness for forty years due to their disobedience.

2. Wilderness
The desert region where the Israelites wandered as a consequence of their lack of faith and disobedience to God.

3. Men of War
The generation of Israelite men who were of fighting age when they left Egypt but were not allowed to enter the Promised Land due to their disobedience.

4. Egypt
The land of bondage from which God delivered the Israelites through Moses.

5. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, described as "a land flowing with milk and honey," which God promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Teaching Points
Consequences of Disobedience
The Israelites' forty-year journey in the wilderness serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of disobedience to God. Disobedience can delay or even forfeit the blessings God has in store for us.

Faithfulness to God's Promises
Despite the Israelites' failures, God remained faithful to His promise to give the land to their descendants. This underscores God's unwavering faithfulness even when we fall short.

Generational Impact
The disobedience of one generation can have lasting effects on future generations. It is crucial to live in obedience to God to pave the way for blessings for those who come after us.

Spiritual Readiness
The "men of war" were not ready to enter the Promised Land due to their lack of faith. Spiritual readiness is essential for entering into the promises and purposes God has for us.

God's Patience and Justice
God's patience allowed the Israelites time to learn and grow, but His justice required that the disobedient generation not enter the Promised Land. This balance of patience and justice is a key aspect of God's character.
Bible Study Questions
1. What lessons can we learn from the Israelites' forty-year journey in the wilderness about the consequences of disobedience?

2. How does the faithfulness of God to His promises, despite human failure, encourage you in your personal walk with Him?

3. In what ways can the disobedience of one generation affect the spiritual journey of the next? How can we ensure a positive impact on future generations?

4. Reflect on a time when you felt spiritually unprepared for a task or calling. How can you cultivate spiritual readiness in your life today?

5. How do you see the balance of God's patience and justice in your own life, and how does this understanding affect your relationship with Him?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Numbers 14:29-35
This passage details God's judgment on the Israelites, decreeing that the generation that disobeyed Him would not enter the Promised Land.

Deuteronomy 1:34-40
Moses recounts how the LORD was angry with the Israelites and swore that none of the disobedient generation would see the good land.

Hebrews 3:16-19
The New Testament reflects on the Israelites' unbelief and disobedience, using it as a warning for believers to remain faithful.
Christian CharacterThe Gospel in the Book of Joshua.Joshua 5:2-9
GilgalC. D. Marston, M. A.Joshua 5:2-9
The Circumcising At GilgalF. B Meyer, B. A.Joshua 5:2-9
The Consecration of the Lord's Host At GilgalG. W. Butler, M. A.Joshua 5:2-9
The Reproach of EgyptA. B. Mackay.Joshua 5:2-9
Time Taken for Religious Duties is not LostJoshua 5:2-9
Why was Circumcision Suspended in the Wilderness?G. W. Blaikie, D. D.Joshua 5:2-9
The Two Sacraments of the Old CovenantE. De Pressense Joshua 5:6-11
People
Amorites, Canaanites, Israelites, Joshua
Places
Canaan, Egypt, Gibeath-haaraloth, Gilgal, Jericho, Jordan River
Topics
Age, Consumed, Dead, Desert, Didn't, Died, Ear, Egypt, Fathers, Fighting-men, Floweth, Flowing, Forth, Forty, Hearken, Hearkened, Honey, Listen, Military, Milk, Moved, Nation, Oath, Obeyed, Perished, Promised, Solemnly, Sons, Sware, Swore, Sworn, Till, Voice, Walked, Wandering, War, Waste, Wilderness, Wouldn't
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 5:6

     1654   numbers, 11-99
     4404   food
     5477   property, land
     7258   promised land, early history

Joshua 5:4-8

     7335   circumcision, physical

Joshua 5:6-7

     6260   uncircumcised

Library
The Captain of the Lord's Host
And he said, Nay, but as captain of the host of the Lord am I now come. JOSHUA v. 14. The army of Israel was just beginning a hard conflict under an untried leader. Behind them the Jordan barred their retreat, in front of them Jericho forbade their advance. Most of them had never seen a fortified city, and had no experience nor engines for a siege. So we may well suppose that many doubts and fears shook the courage of the host, as it drew around the doomed city. Their chief had his own heavy burden.
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Whether the Rite of Circumcision was Fitting?
Objection 1: It seems that the rite of circumcision was unfitting. For circumcision, as stated above ([4474]AA[1],2), was a profession of faith. But faith is in the apprehensive power, whose operations appear mostly in the head. Therefore the sign of circumcision should have been conferred on the head rather than on the virile member. Objection 2: Further, in the sacraments we make use of such things as are in more frequent use; for instance, water, which is used for washing, and bread, which we
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Circumcision Bestowed Sanctifying Grace?
Objection 1: It seems that circumcision did not bestow sanctifying grace. For the Apostle says (Gal. 2:21): "If justice be by the Law, then Christ died in vain," i.e. without cause. But circumcision was an obligation imposed by the Law, according to Gal. 5:3: "I testify . . . to every man circumcising himself, that ne is a debtor to do the whole law." Therefore, if justice be by circumcision, "Christ died in vain," i.e. without cause. But this cannot be allowed. Therefore circumcision did not confer
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Stones Crying Out
'For the priests which bare the ark stood in the midst of Jordan, until every thing was finished that the Lord commanded Joshua to speak unto the people, according to all that Moses commanded Joshua: and the people hasted and passed over. 11. And it came to pass, when all the people were clean passed over, that the ark of the Lord passed over, and the priests, in the presence of the people. 12. And the children of Reuben, and the children of Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh, passed over armed
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Torments of Giant Bad Feelings
THE TORMENTS OF GIANT BAD FEELINGS I am just a bundle of feelings. I never imagined one could have such a variety of them as I am now experiencing. Most of them are bad ones and I am greatly disturbed by them. Really, I doubt whether I am sanctified, on account of the feelings I have. Do sanctified people always feel joyful? I have heard that they do, and if it is true that they do, then I am not sanctified. Big doubts take up company with me every morning, and so long as I feel as I do I do not
Robert Lee Berry—Adventures in the Land of Canaan

Gilgal, in Deuteronomy 11:30 what the Place Was.
That which is said by Moses, that "Gerizim and Ebal were over-against Gilgal," Deuteronomy 11:30, is so obscure, that it is rendered into contrary significations by interpreters. Some take it in that sense, as if it were near to Gilgal: some far off from Gilgal: the Targumists read, "before Gilgal": while, as I think, they do not touch the difficulty; which lies not so much in the signification of the word Mul, as in the ambiguity of the word Gilgal. These do all seem to understand that Gilgal which
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Of Preparation.
That a Christian ought necessarily to prepare himself before he presume to be a partaker of the holy communion, may evidently appear by five reasons:-- First, Because it is God's commandment; for if he commanded, under the pain of death, that none uncircumcised should eat the paschal lamb (Exod. xii. 48), nor any circumcised under four days preparation, how much greater preparation does he require of him that comes to receive the sacrament of his body and blood? which, as it succeeds, so doth it
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

Peaceable Principles and True: Or, a Brief Answer to Mr. D'Anver's and Mr. Paul's Books against My Confession of Faith, and Differences in Judgment About Baptism no Bar to Communion.
WHEREIN THEIR SCRIPTURELESS NOTIONS ARE OVERTHROWN, AND MY PEACEABLE PRINCIPLES STILL MAINTAINED. 'Do ye indeed speak righteousness, O congregation? do ye judge uprightly, O ye sons of men?'--Psalm 58:1 SIR, I have received and considered your short reply to my differences in judgment about water baptism no bar to communion; and observe, that you touch not the argument at all: but rather labour what you can, and beyond what you ought, to throw odiums upon your brother for reproving you for your error,
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Fragrant Spices from the Mountains of Myrrh. "Thou Art all Fair, My Love; There is no Spot in Thee. " --Song of Solomon iv. 7.
FRAGRANT SPICES FROM THE MOUNTAINS OF MYRRH. HOW marvellous are these words! "Thou art all fair, My love; there is no spot in thee." The glorious Bridegroom is charmed with His spouse, and sings soft canticles of admiration. When the bride extols her Lord there is no wonder, for He deserves it well, and in Him there is room for praise without possibility of flattery. But does He who is wiser than Solomon condescend to praise this sunburnt Shulamite? Tis even so, for these are His own words, and were
Charles Hadden Spurgeon—Till He Come

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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