Judges 20:23
They went up and wept before the LORD until evening, inquiring of Him, "Should we again draw near for battle against our brothers the Benjamites?" And the LORD answered, "Go up against them."
They went up and wept before the LORD until evening,

Israel gathered before the LORD in grief after suffering another heavy defeat. Their tears reflected the anguish of fighting against fellow Israelites and the burden of confronting Benjamin’s refusal to deal with the wicked men of Gibeah.

Ezr 10:1 While Ezra prayed and made this confession…
Jos 7:6 Then Joshua tore his clothes and fell facedown…
1Sa 1:10-11 In her bitter distress, Hannah prayed to the LORD…

inquiring of Him, “Should we again draw near for battle against our brothers the Benjamites?”

Though united against Benjamin’s sin, the tribes recognized the terrible cost of civil war. They sought the LORD’s direction before renewing the battle, acknowledging that Benjamin remained their brother tribe despite its guilt and resistance.

1Sa 23:2 So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go and…
1Sa 30:8 David inquired of the LORD: “Should I pursue these raiders?”…
1Ki 22:5 But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel,…

And the LORD answered, “Go up against them.”

The LORD commanded Israel to continue. Benjamin’s defense of the men responsible for the crime at Gibeah had made judgment necessary, and the conflict would expose both Benjamin’s rebellion and Israel’s need to depend upon God rather than its own strength.

2Sa 5:19 So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up…
1Sa 23:4 Once again, David inquired of the LORD…
Jos 8:1 Then the LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid…

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Israelites
The collective tribes of Israel, excluding Benjamin, who are seeking guidance from God after suffering defeat in battle.

2. The Benjamites
The tribe of Benjamin, who are in conflict with the other tribes of Israel due to the grievous sin committed in Gibeah.

3. The LORD
The God of Israel, whom the Israelites seek for guidance and direction in their conflict with the Benjamites.

4. Gibeah
A city in the territory of Benjamin, where a heinous crime was committed, leading to the conflict between the tribes.

5. The Battle
The ongoing conflict between the Israelites and the Benjamites, which is a result of the moral and social breakdown in Israel.
Teaching Points
Seeking God's Guidance
The Israelites' approach to seek God's will before acting is a model for believers today. In times of uncertainty or conflict, we should prioritize seeking divine guidance through prayer and scripture.

Perseverance in Prayer
Despite initial setbacks, the Israelites persist in seeking God. This teaches us the importance of perseverance in prayer, trusting that God hears and will respond in His timing.

Community Accountability
The conflict arose from a lack of accountability and justice within the community. This serves as a reminder of the importance of addressing sin and maintaining righteousness within the body of believers.

God's Sovereignty in Difficult Situations
Even in challenging and seemingly hopeless situations, God remains sovereign. Believers can find comfort in knowing that God is in control and His purposes will prevail.
Bible Study Questions
1. What does the Israelites' response to their initial defeat teach us about handling setbacks in our own lives?

2. How can we apply the principle of seeking God's guidance in our daily decision-making processes?

3. In what ways does the account of the conflict with the Benjamites highlight the importance of community accountability and justice?

4. How does the perseverance of the Israelites in seeking God's will encourage us in our prayer life, especially when answers are not immediate?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced a difficult situation. How did recognizing God's sovereignty help you navigate through it, and how can this passage reinforce that understanding?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Samuel 30:8
Similar to David inquiring of the Lord before pursuing the Amalekites, the Israelites seek divine guidance before engaging in battle.

Psalm 34:17
This verse speaks to the Lord hearing the cries of the righteous, paralleling the Israelites' weeping and seeking God's direction.

Proverbs 3:5-6
Encourages trust in the Lord and seeking His guidance, which the Israelites exemplify by inquiring of God.

James 1:5
Highlights the importance of seeking wisdom from God, as the Israelites do in their time of distress.
Lessons of DefeatW.F. Adeney Judges 20:23
From Justice to Wild RevengeR. A. Watson, M. A.Judges 20:1-48
People
Aaron, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Benjamites, Dan, Eleazar, Israelites, Nohah, Phinehas, Samuel, Tamar
Places
Baal-tamar, Beersheba, Bethel, Dan, Gibeah, Gidom, Gilead, Maareh-geba, Mizpah, Nohah, Rimmon
Topics
Add, Battle, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Benjamites, Brethren, Brother, Brothers, Counsel, Draw, Evening, Fight, Forward, Inquired, Nigh, Requesting, Saying, Sons, Till, Weep, Weeping, Wept
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Judges 20:23

     4933   evening
     5567   suffering, emotional
     5661   brothers
     8648   enquiring of God

Judges 20:18-48

     5214   attack

Judges 20:23-28

     8129   guidance, examples

Library
To his Most Serene and Mighty Imperial Majesty, and to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.
Dr. MARTINUS LUTHER. The grace and might of God be with you, Most Serene Majesty! most gracious, well beloved gentlemen! It is not out of mere arrogance and perversity that I, a single poor man, have taken upon me to address your lordships. The distress and misery that oppress all the Christian estates, more especially in Germany, have led not only myself, but every one else, to cry aloud and to ask for help, and have now forced me too, to cry out and to ask, if God would give His Spirit to any one,
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

Upon Our Lord's SermonOn the Mount
Discourse 7 "Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance. For they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: And thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly." Matthew 6:16-18. 1. It has been the endeavour of Satan, from the beginning of the world,
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Judges
For the understanding of the early history and religion of Israel, the book of Judges, which covers the period from the death of Joshua to the beginning of the struggle with the Philistines, is of inestimable importance; and it is very fortunate that the elements contributed by the later editors are so easily separated from the ancient stories whose moral they seek to point. That moral is most elaborately stated in ii. 6-iii. 6, which is a sort of programme or preface to iii. 7-xvi. 31, which constitutes
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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