Judges 20:48
And the men of Israel turned back against the other Benjamites and put to the sword all the cities, including the animals and everything else they found. And they burned down all the cities in their path.
And the men of Israel turned back against the other Benjamites

After the battle at Gibeah, the Israelites pursued the surviving Benjamites throughout their tribal territory. The conflict had become a severe judgment against Benjamin for protecting the men responsible for the outrage in Gibeah.

Jos 8:21-22 When Joshua and all Israel saw the men in ambush…
Jos 10:10-11 And the LORD threw them into confusion before Israel,…
2Sa 22:41-42 You have made my enemies retreat before me;…

and put to the sword all the cities,

Israel’s forces struck the remaining Benjamite towns, killing those they encountered. The destruction showed how far the civil war had spread and how devastating Benjamin’s refusal to surrender the guilty men had become.

Jos 11:12 Joshua captured all these kings and their cities.…
Jos 10:28-39 On that day Joshua captured Makkedah and put it to the sword…
Deu 13:15 you must surely put the inhabitants of that city…

including the animals and everything else they found.

The judgment extended beyond the fighting men to the livestock and possessions of the cities. Benjamin was left nearly destroyed, with only six hundred men escaping to the rock of Rimmon.

Jos 6:21 With the edge of the sword they devoted to destruction…
1Sa 15:3 Now go and attack the Amalekites and devote…
Deu 20:16-17 However, in the cities of the nations that the LORD your God…

And they burned down all the cities in their path.

The burning of the towns completed the devastation of Benjamin’s land. The tribes later recognized the gravity of Benjamin’s near extinction and sought a way to preserve the surviving remnant.

Jos 8:28 So Joshua burned Ai and made it a permanent heap of ruins…
Jos 6:24 Then the Israelites burned up the city and everything in it.…
Deu 13:16 And you are to gather all its plunder in the public square…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Men of Israel
The collective tribes of Israel, excluding Benjamin, who united to execute judgment against the tribe of Benjamin for their grievous sin.

2. Benjamites
The tribe of Benjamin, who were nearly annihilated due to their defense of the wickedness committed in Gibeah.

3. Gibeah
The city in Benjamin where a heinous crime was committed, leading to the conflict between Israel and Benjamin.

4. The Battle
A civil war within Israel, where the tribes sought to punish Benjamin for harboring and defending the perpetrators of a vile act.

5. Destruction of Cities
The complete destruction of Benjamite cities, people, and livestock as a form of divine judgment and purification.
Teaching Points
The Seriousness of Sin
Sin, especially when unrepented, can lead to severe consequences. The destruction of Benjamin serves as a sobering reminder of the seriousness with which God views sin.

Corporate Responsibility
The tribes of Israel acted together to address the sin within their community, highlighting the importance of collective responsibility in maintaining holiness.

The Cost of Disobedience
The near destruction of an entire tribe underscores the high cost of disobedience and the importance of aligning with God's will.

Restoration and Mercy
While judgment was executed, the subsequent chapters show efforts to restore the tribe of Benjamin, illustrating God's desire for restoration and mercy.

The Role of Justice
Justice is a key aspect of God's character, and His people are called to reflect this in their dealings, ensuring that justice is tempered with mercy and love.
Bible Study Questions
1. What does the destruction of the Benjamite cities teach us about the consequences of harboring sin within a community?

2. How can we apply the principle of corporate responsibility in our church or community today?

3. In what ways does the account of Judges 20 challenge our understanding of justice and mercy?

4. How can we ensure that our pursuit of justice aligns with God's will and character, as seen in other scriptures like Romans 12:19?

5. Reflect on a time when you witnessed or experienced the cost of disobedience. How did it shape your understanding of God's commands?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Deuteronomy 13
This passage outlines the command to destroy cities that turn to idolatry, reflecting the seriousness of purging evil from among God's people.

1 Samuel 15
The command to Saul to utterly destroy the Amalekites, showing the theme of complete obedience to God's commands in dealing with sin.

Romans 12:19
The principle of leaving vengeance to God, contrasting human justice with divine justice.
From Justice to Wild RevengeR. A. Watson, M. A.Judges 20:1-48
People
Aaron, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Benjamites, Dan, Eleazar, Israelites, Nohah, Phinehas, Samuel, Tamar
Places
Baal-tamar, Beersheba, Bethel, Dan, Gibeah, Gidom, Gilead, Maareh-geba, Mizpah, Nohah, Rimmon
Topics
Across, Animals, Beast, Beasts, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Burning, Cattle, Cities, Edge, Entire, Fire, Hands, Including, Livestock, Mercy, Moreover, Mouth, Smite, Smote, Sons, Struck, Sword, Town, Towns, Turning
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Judges 20:48

     8847   vulgarity

Judges 20:18-48

     5214   attack

Library
To his Most Serene and Mighty Imperial Majesty, and to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.
Dr. MARTINUS LUTHER. The grace and might of God be with you, Most Serene Majesty! most gracious, well beloved gentlemen! It is not out of mere arrogance and perversity that I, a single poor man, have taken upon me to address your lordships. The distress and misery that oppress all the Christian estates, more especially in Germany, have led not only myself, but every one else, to cry aloud and to ask for help, and have now forced me too, to cry out and to ask, if God would give His Spirit to any one,
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

Upon Our Lord's SermonOn the Mount
Discourse 7 "Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance. For they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: And thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly." Matthew 6:16-18. 1. It has been the endeavour of Satan, from the beginning of the world,
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Judges
For the understanding of the early history and religion of Israel, the book of Judges, which covers the period from the death of Joshua to the beginning of the struggle with the Philistines, is of inestimable importance; and it is very fortunate that the elements contributed by the later editors are so easily separated from the ancient stories whose moral they seek to point. That moral is most elaborately stated in ii. 6-iii. 6, which is a sort of programme or preface to iii. 7-xvi. 31, which constitutes
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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