Laws about Vows
(Matthew 5:33–37)
1 וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר (And spoke) מֹשֶׁה֙ (Moses) אֶל־ (to) רָאשֵׁ֣י (the heads) הַמַּטּ֔וֹת (of the tribes) לִבְנֵ֥י (concerning the sons) יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (of Israel), לֵאמֹ֑ר (saying), זֶ֣ה (This is) הַדָּבָ֔ר (the thing) אֲשֶׁ֖ר (that) צִוָּ֥ה (has commanded) יְהוָֽה׃ (YHWH):
2 אִישׁ֩ (A man) כִּֽי־ (if) יִדֹּ֨ר (he makes) נֶ֜דֶר (a vow) לַֽיהוָ֗ה (to YHWH) אֽוֹ־ (or) הִשָּׁ֤בַע (swears) שְׁבֻעָה֙ (an oath) לֶאְסֹ֤ר (to bind) אִסָּר֙ (by some binding obligation) עַל־ (on) נַפְשׁ֔וֹ (his soul), לֹ֥א (not) יַחֵ֖ל (he shall break) דְּבָר֑וֹ (his word); כְּכָל־ (according to all) הַיֹּצֵ֥א (that proceeds out) מִפִּ֖יו (of his mouth) יַעֲשֶֽׂה׃ (he shall do).
3 וְאִשָּׁ֕ה (Or a woman) כִּֽי־ (if) תִדֹּ֥ר (she makes) נֶ֖דֶר (a vow) לַיהוָ֑ה (to YHWH) וְאָסְרָ֥ה (and binds herself) אִסָּ֛ר (by some binding obligation) בְּבֵ֥ית (while in the house) אָבִ֖יהָ (of her father) בִּנְעֻרֶֽיהָ׃ (in her youth),
4 וְשָׁמַ֨ע (and hears) אָבִ֜יהָ (her father) אֶת־ (-) נִדְרָ֗הּ (her vow) וֶֽאֱסָרָהּ֙ (and the binding obligation) אֲשֶׁ֣ר (by which) אָֽסְרָ֣ה (she has bound) עַל־ (on her) נַפְשָׁ֔הּ (soul), וְהֶחֱרִ֥ישׁ (and keeps silent) לָ֖הּ (to her) אָבִ֑יהָ (her father), וְקָ֙מוּ֙ (and shall stand) כָּל־ (all) נְדָרֶ֔יהָ (her vows), וְכָל־ (and every) אִסָּ֛ר (binding obligation) אֲשֶׁר־ (with which) אָסְרָ֥ה (she has bound) עַל־ (upon) נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (her soul) יָקֽוּם׃ (shall stand).
5 וְאִם־ (But if) הֵנִ֨יא (forbids) אָבִ֣יהָ (her father) אֹתָהּ֮ (her) בְּי֣וֹם (on the day) שָׁמְעוֹ֒ (that he hears), כָּל־ (then any) נְדָרֶ֗יהָ (of her vows) וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛יהָ (or her binding obligations) אֲשֶׁר־ (by which) אָסְרָ֥ה (she has bound) עַל־ (on her) נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (soul), לֹ֣א (not) יָק֑וּם (shall stand); וַֽיהוָה֙ (and YHWH) יִֽסְלַח־ (will release) לָ֔הּ (her) כִּי־ (because) הֵנִ֥יא (forbade) אָבִ֖יהָ (her father) אֹתָֽהּ׃ (her).
6 וְאִם־ (And if) הָי֤וֹ (she is) תִֽהְיֶה֙ (being) לְאִ֔ישׁ (unto a husband), וּנְדָרֶ֖יהָ (and her vows) עָלֶ֑יהָ (are on her) א֚וֹ (or) מִבְטָ֣א (a rash utterance) שְׂפָתֶ֔יהָ (from her lips) אֲשֶׁ֥ר (by which) אָסְרָ֖ה (she bound) עַל־ (on her) נַפְשָֽׁהּ׃ (soul),
7 וְשָׁמַ֥ע (and hears it) אִישָׁ֛הּ (her husband) בְּי֥וֹם (on the day) שָׁמְע֖וֹ (that he hears), וְהֶחֱרִ֣ישׁ (and makes no response) לָ֑הּ (to her), וְקָ֣מוּ (and shall stand) נְדָרֶ֗יהָ (her vows), וֶֽאֱסָרֶ֛הָ (and her binding obligations) אֲשֶׁר־ (by which) אָסְרָ֥ה (she bound) עַל־ (on her) נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (soul) יָקֻֽמוּ׃ (shall stand).
8 וְ֠אִם (But if) בְּי֨וֹם (on the day) שְׁמֹ֣עַ (that he hears it), אִישָׁהּ֮ (her husband) יָנִ֣יא (forbids) אוֹתָהּ֒ (her), וְהֵפֵ֗ר (and he makes void) אֶת־ (-) נִדְרָהּ֙ (her vow) אֲשֶׁ֣ר (that) עָלֶ֔יהָ (she took) וְאֵת֙ (and) מִבְטָ֣א (the rash utterance) שְׂפָתֶ֔יהָ (of her lips) אֲשֶׁ֥ר (by which) אָסְרָ֖ה (she bound) עַל־ (on her) נַפְשָׁ֑הּ (soul), וַיהוָ֖ה (and YHWH) יִֽסְלַֽח־ (will release) לָֽהּ׃ (her).
9 וְנֵ֥דֶר (And a vow) אַלְמָנָ֖ה (of a widow) וּגְרוּשָׁ֑ה (or a divorced woman), כֹּ֛ל (any) אֲשֶׁר־ (by which) אָסְרָ֥ה (she has bound) עַל־ (upon) נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (her soul), יָק֥וּם (shall stand) עָלֶֽיהָ׃ (against her).
10 וְאִם־ (And if) בֵּ֥ית (in the house) אִישָׁ֖הּ (of her husband) נָדָ֑רָה (she has vowed) אֽוֹ־ (or) אָסְרָ֥ה (bound by) אִסָּ֛ר (a binding obligation) עַל־ (upon her) נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (soul) בִּשְׁבֻעָֽה׃ (with an oath),
11 וְשָׁמַ֤ע (and heard it) אִישָׁהּ֙ (her husband) וְהֶחֱרִ֣שׁ (and made no response) לָ֔הּ (to her) לֹ֥א (and not) הֵנִ֖יא (did overrule) אֹתָ֑הּ (her), וְקָ֙מוּ֙ (and shall stand) כָּל־ (all) נְדָרֶ֔יהָ (her vows), וְכָל־ (and every) אִסָּ֛ר (binding obligation) אֲשֶׁר־ (by which) אָסְרָ֥ה (she bound) עַל־ (on her) נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (soul) יָקֽוּם׃ (shall stand).
12 וְאִם־ (But if) הָפֵר֩ (nullifying) יָפֵ֨ר (has nullified) אֹתָ֥ם׀ (them) אִישָׁהּ֮ (her husband) בְּי֣וֹם (on the day) שָׁמְעוֹ֒ (he heard them), כָּל־ (then whatever) מוֹצָ֨א (proceeded from) שְׂפָתֶ֧יהָ (her lips) לִנְדָרֶ֛יהָ (concerning her vows), וּלְאִסַּ֥ר (or concerning the bond) נַפְשָׁ֖הּ (of her soul), לֹ֣א (not) יָק֑וּם (it shall stand). אִישָׁ֣הּ (Her husband) הֲפֵרָ֔ם (has made them void), וַיהוָ֖ה (and YHWH) יִֽסְלַֽח־ (will release) לָֽהּ׃ (her).
13 כָּל־ (Every) נֵ֛דֶר (vow), וְכָל־ (and every) שְׁבֻעַ֥ת (sworn) אִסָּ֖ר (binding obligation) לְעַנֹּ֣ת (to afflict) נָ֑פֶשׁ (her soul), אִישָׁ֥הּ (her husband) יְקִימֶ֖נּוּ (may confirm it) וְאִישָׁ֥הּ (or her husband) יְפֵרֶֽנּוּ׃ (may make it void).
14 וְאִם־ (And if) הַחֲרֵשׁ֩ (being silent) יַחֲרִ֨ישׁ (keeping silent) לָ֥הּ (to her) אִישָׁהּ֮ (her husband) מִיּ֣וֹם (from day) אֶל־ (to) יוֹם֒ (day), וְהֵקִים֙ (and he confirms) אֶת־ (-) כָּל־ (all) נְדָרֶ֔יהָ (her vows), א֥וֹ (or) אֶת־ (-) כָּל־ (all) אֱסָרֶ֖יהָ (the binding obligations) אֲשֶׁ֣ר (that) עָלֶ֑יהָ (bind her) הֵקִ֣ים (he confirms) אֹתָ֔ם (them) כִּי־ (because) הֶחֱרִ֥שׁ (he has kept silent) לָ֖הּ (to her) בְּי֥וֹם (on the day) שָׁמְעֽוֹ׃ (that he heard them).
15 וְאִם־ (But if) הָפֵ֥ר (nullifying) יָפֵ֛ר (he nullifies) אֹתָ֖ם (them) אַחֲרֵ֣י (after) שָׁמְע֑וֹ (he has heard them), וְנָשָׂ֖א (then he shall bear) אֶת־ (-) עֲוֺנָֽהּ׃ (her iniquity).
16 אֵ֣לֶּה (These are) הַֽחֻקִּ֗ים (the statutes) אֲשֶׁ֨ר (that) צִוָּ֤ה (commanded) יְהוָה֙ (YHWH) אֶת־ (-) מֹשֶׁ֔ה (Moses) בֵּ֥ין (between) אִ֖ישׁ (a man) לְאִשְׁתּ֑וֹ (and his wife), בֵּֽין־ (and between) אָ֣ב (a father) לְבִתּ֔וֹ (and his daughter) בִּנְעֻרֶ֖יהָ (in her youth) בֵּ֥ית (in the house) אָבִֽיהָ׃פ (of her father).
