Judges 20:18
The Israelites set out, went up to Bethel, and inquired of God, "Who of us shall go up first to fight against the Benjamites?" "Judah will be first," the LORD replied.
The Israelites set out,

The tribes assembled in a united response to the outrage at Gibeah, seeking to punish Benjamin for sheltering the guilty men.

Num 33:5 The Israelites set out from Rameses and camped at Succoth.
Num 10:33 So they set out on a three-day journey from the mountain…
Deu 1:19 And just as the LORD our God had commanded us,…

went up to Bethel,

They came to Bethel, meaning “House of God,” long associated with God’s presence and worship, recognizing the need for His direction before entering battle.

Gen 35:3 Then let us arise and go to Bethel. I will build an altar…
Gen 35:1 Then God said to Jacob, “Arise, go up to Bethel.”…
Gen 35:7 There Jacob built an altar, and he called that place…

and inquired of God,

Israel sought the Lord’s guidance concerning the order of attack in the coming civil war.

1Sa 23:2 So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go and…
1Sa 30:8 David inquired of the LORD: “Should I pursue these raiders?”…
2Sa 5:19 So David inquired of the LORD, “Should I go up…

“Who of us shall go up first to fight against the Benjamites?”

Though Benjamin was one of their own tribes, its refusal to deliver the offenders had brought the nation to armed conflict.

Jdg 1:1 After the death of Joshua, the Israelites inquired…
Jos 8:1 Then the LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid…
Deu 20:4 For the LORD your God goes with you to fight for you…

“Judah will be first,” the LORD replied.

Judah received the leading role, consistent with its established prominence among the tribes.

Num 2:9 The total number of men in the divisions of the camp…
Num 10:14 First, the divisions of the camp of Judah set out…
Gen 49:10 The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the staff…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Israelites
The collective tribes of Israel, excluding Benjamin, who are seeking guidance from God in their conflict against the tribe of Benjamin.

2. Bethel
A significant location in Israelite history, often associated with worship and seeking God's guidance. It means "House of God" in Hebrew.

3. God (Yahweh)
The God of Israel, who the Israelites seek for direction in their military campaign.

4. Benjamites
The tribe of Benjamin, who are in conflict with the other tribes of Israel due to a grievous sin committed in Gibeah.

5. Judah
The tribe chosen by God to lead the battle against the Benjamites. Judah means "praise" in Hebrew and is often seen as a leading tribe in Israel.
Teaching Points
Seeking Divine Guidance
The Israelites' approach to inquire of God before battle emphasizes the importance of seeking God's will in our decisions. We should prioritize prayer and discernment in our lives.

Role of Leadership
Judah's selection to lead highlights the importance of God-ordained leadership. We should recognize and respect the leaders God places in our lives.

Unity and Obedience
The tribes of Israel, despite internal conflict, come together to seek God's direction. This teaches us the value of unity and obedience to God's commands, even in challenging times.

Consequences of Sin
The conflict with Benjamin arose from sin within the tribe. This serves as a reminder of the serious consequences of sin and the need for accountability and repentance.
Bible Study Questions
1. What does the Israelites' decision to inquire of God at Bethel teach us about the importance of seeking divine guidance in our own lives?

2. How does the choice of Judah to lead the battle reflect God's sovereignty and the fulfillment of His promises, as seen in other parts of Scripture?

3. In what ways can we apply the principle of unity and obedience to God's will in our communities and churches today?

4. How does the conflict with the Benjamites illustrate the consequences of sin, and what steps can we take to address sin in our own lives and communities?

5. Reflect on a time when you sought God's guidance in a difficult situation. How did that experience shape your understanding of His will and direction?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Genesis 49:8-10
This passage contains Jacob's blessing over Judah, prophesying leadership and prominence, which connects to Judah being chosen to lead the battle.

1 Samuel 1:3
Bethel is mentioned as a place of worship, reinforcing its significance as a place where the Israelites sought divine guidance.

Psalm 60:12
This verse speaks of victory through God, which relates to the Israelites seeking God's direction for success in battle.
From Justice to Wild RevengeR. A. Watson, M. A.Judges 20:1-48
People
Aaron, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Benjamites, Dan, Eleazar, Israelites, Nohah, Phinehas, Samuel, Tamar
Places
Baal-tamar, Beersheba, Bethel, Dan, Gibeah, Gidom, Gilead, Maareh-geba, Mizpah, Nohah, Rimmon
Topics
Battle, Benjamin, Benjaminites, Benjamites, Bethel, Beth-el, Commencement, Counsel, Directions, Fight, Got, Inquired, Judah, Replied, Rise, Sons
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Judges 20:18

     8648   enquiring of God

Judges 20:18-48

     5214   attack

Library
To his Most Serene and Mighty Imperial Majesty, and to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation.
Dr. MARTINUS LUTHER. The grace and might of God be with you, Most Serene Majesty! most gracious, well beloved gentlemen! It is not out of mere arrogance and perversity that I, a single poor man, have taken upon me to address your lordships. The distress and misery that oppress all the Christian estates, more especially in Germany, have led not only myself, but every one else, to cry aloud and to ask for help, and have now forced me too, to cry out and to ask, if God would give His Spirit to any one,
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

Upon Our Lord's SermonOn the Mount
Discourse 7 "Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance. For they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: And thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly." Matthew 6:16-18. 1. It has been the endeavour of Satan, from the beginning of the world,
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Judges
For the understanding of the early history and religion of Israel, the book of Judges, which covers the period from the death of Joshua to the beginning of the struggle with the Philistines, is of inestimable importance; and it is very fortunate that the elements contributed by the later editors are so easily separated from the ancient stories whose moral they seek to point. That moral is most elaborately stated in ii. 6-iii. 6, which is a sort of programme or preface to iii. 7-xvi. 31, which constitutes
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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