Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version This is what the LORD says: “For three sins of Tyre, even for four, I will not relent. Because she sold whole communities of captives to Edom, disregarding a treaty of brotherhood, New Living Translation This is what the LORD says: “The people of Tyre have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! They broke their treaty of brotherhood with Israel, selling whole villages as slaves to Edom. English Standard Version Thus says the LORD: “For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment, because they delivered up a whole people to Edom, and did not remember the covenant of brotherhood. Berean Standard Bible This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood. Berean Literal Bible Thus says YHWH: “Over three transgressions of Tyre, even over four, I will not turn back—over their delivering up the whole captivity to Edom, and they did not remember the covenant of brotherhood! King James Bible Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Tyrus, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant: New King James Version Thus says the LORD: “For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not turn away its punishment, Because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom, And did not remember the covenant of brotherhood. New American Standard Bible This is what the LORD says: “For three offenses of Tyre, and for four, I will not revoke its punishment, Because they turned an entire population over to Edom And did not remember the covenant of brotherhood. NASB 1995 Thus says the LORD, “For three transgressions of Tyre and for four I will not revoke its punishment, Because they delivered up an entire population to Edom And did not remember the covenant of brotherhood. NASB 1977 Thus says the LORD, “For three transgressions of Tyre and for four I will not revoke its punishment, Because they delivered up an entire population to Edom And did not remember the covenant of brotherhood. Legacy Standard Bible Thus says Yahweh, “For three transgressions of Tyre and for four I will not turn back its punishment Because they delivered up the whole community of exiles to Edom And did not remember the covenant of brotherhood. Amplified Bible Thus says the LORD, “For three transgressions of Tyre and for four (multiplied delinquencies) I will not reverse its punishment or revoke My word concerning it, Because they [as middlemen] deported an entire [Jewish] population to Edom And did not [seriously] remember their covenant of brotherhood. Berean Annotated Bible This is what the LORD {YHWH} says: “For three transgressions of Tyre (a rock), even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom (red) and broke a covenant of brotherhood. Christian Standard Bible The LORD says: I will not relent from punishing Tyre for three crimes, even four, because they handed over a whole community of exiles to Edom and broke a treaty of brotherhood. Holman Christian Standard Bible The LORD says: I will not relent from punishing Tyre for three crimes, even four, because they handed over a whole community of exiles to Edom and broke a treaty of brotherhood. American Standard Version Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Tyre, yea, for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they delivered up the whole people to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant. Contemporary English Version The LORD said: I will punish Phoenicia for countless crimes, and I won't change my mind. They broke their treaty and dragged off my people from town after town to sell them as slaves to the Edomites. English Revised Version Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Tyre, yea, for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they delivered up the whole people to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant: GOD'S WORD® Translation This is what the LORD says: Because Tyre has committed three crimes, and now a fourth crime, I will not change my plans. The Tyrians have handed all the people over to the Edomites. The Tyrians didn't remember their treaty with their relatives. Good News Translation The LORD says, "The people of Tyre have sinned again and again, and for this I will certainly punish them. They carried off a whole nation into exile in the land of Edom, and did not keep the treaty of friendship they had made. International Standard Version This is what the LORD says: "For three transgressions of Tyre —and now for a fourth— I will not turn away; because they delivered the entire population to Edom, and did not remember their covenant with their relatives. NET Bible This is what the LORD says: "Because Tyre has committed three crimes--make that four!--I will not revoke my decree of judgment. They sold a whole community to Edom; they failed to observe a treaty of brotherhood. New Heart English Bible Thus says the LORD: "For three transgressions of Tyre, yes, for four, I will not turn away its punishment; because they delivered up the whole community to Edom, and did not remember the brotherly covenant; Webster's Bible Translation Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not turn away its punishment: because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant: Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleThis is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood. World English Bible Yahweh says: “For three transgressions of Tyre, yes, for four, I will not turn away its punishment; because they delivered up the whole community to Edom, and didn’t remember the brotherly covenant; Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionThus said YHWH: “For three transgressions of Tyre, "" And for four, I do not reverse it, "" Because of their delivering up a complete captivity to Edom, "" And they did not remember the brotherly covenant, Berean Literal Bible Thus says YHWH: “Over three transgressions of Tyre, even over four, I will not turn back—over their delivering up the whole captivity to Edom, and they did not remember the covenant of brotherhood! Young's Literal Translation Thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of Tyre, And for four, I do not reverse it, Because of their delivering up a complete captivity to Edom, And they remembered not the brotherly covenant, Smith's Literal Translation Thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not turn it back, for their delivering over the whole captivity to Edom, and they remembered not the covenant of their brethren: Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleThus saith the Lord: For three crimes of Tyre, and for four I will not convert it: because they have shut up an entire captivity in Edom, and have not remembered the covenant of brethren. Catholic Public Domain Version Thus says the Lord: For three wicked deeds of Tyre, and for four, I will not convert it, in so far as they have completed an excellent captivity in Idumea and have not considered the bond among brothers. New American Bible Thus says the LORD: For three crimes of Tyre, and now four— I will not take it back— Because they handed over an entire population to Edom, and did not remember their covenant of brotherhood, New Revised Standard Version Thus says the LORD: For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment; because they delivered entire communities over to Edom, and did not remember the covenant of kinship. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleThus says the LORD: For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof, because they delivered up the whole population to Edom and remembered not the brotherly covenant. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated Thus says LORD JEHOVAH: for three crimes of Tsur, and for the fourth, I will not turn from them, because they delivered the entire captivity to Edom, and they did not remember the covenant of brotherhood OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Tyre, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because they delivered up a whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant. Brenton Septuagint Translation Thus saith the Lord; For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not turn away from it; because they shut up the prisoners of Solomon into Idumea, and remembered not the covenant of brethren. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context Judgment on Israel's Neighbors…8I will cut off the ruler of Ashdod and the one who wields the scepter in Ashkelon. I will turn My hand against Ekron, and the remnant of the Philistines will perish,” says the Lord GOD. 9This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood. 10So I will send fire upon the walls of Tyre to consume its citadels.”… Cross References This is what the LORD says: Haggai 1:2 that this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “These people say, ‘The time has not yet come to rebuild the house of the LORD.’” Zechariah 1:3 So tell the people that this is what the LORD of Hosts says: ‘Return to Me, declares the LORD of Hosts, and I will return to you, says the LORD of Hosts.’ Ezekiel 2:4 They are obstinate and stubborn children. I am sending you to them, and you are to say to them, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says.’ “For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, Joel 3:4-6 Now what do you have against Me, O Tyre, Sidon, and all the regions of Philistia? Are you rendering against Me a recompense? If you retaliate against Me, I will swiftly and speedily return your recompense upon your heads. / For you took My silver and gold and carried off My finest treasures to your temples. / You sold the people of Judah and Jerusalem to the Greeks, to send them far from their homeland. Ezekiel 26:3-6 therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Behold, O Tyre, I am against you, and I will raise up many nations against you, as the sea brings up its waves. / They will destroy the walls of Tyre and demolish her towers. I will scrape the soil from her and make her a bare rock. / She will become a place to spread nets in the sea, for I have spoken, declares the Lord GOD. She will become plunder for the nations, … Zechariah 9:2-4 and also against Hamath, which borders it, as well as Tyre and Sidon, though they are very shrewd. / Tyre has built herself a fortress; she has heaped up silver like dust, and gold like the dirt of the streets. / Behold, the Lord will impoverish her and cast her wealth into the sea, and she will be consumed by fire. I will not revoke My judgment, Jeremiah 4:28 Therefore the earth will mourn and the heavens above will grow dark. I have spoken, I have planned, and I will not relent or turn back.” Ezekiel 24:14 I, the LORD, have spoken; the time is coming, and I will act. I will not refrain or show pity, nor will I relent. I will judge you according to your ways and deeds,’ declares the Lord GOD.” Nahum 1:3 The LORD is slow to anger and great in power; the LORD will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. His path is in the whirlwind and storm, and clouds are the dust beneath His feet. because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom Obadiah 1:10-14 Because of the violence against your brother Jacob, you will be covered with shame and cut off forever. / On the day you stood aloof while strangers carried off his wealth and foreigners entered his gate and cast lots for Jerusalem, you were just like one of them. / But you should not gloat in that day, your brother’s day of misfortune, nor rejoice over the people of Judah in the day of their destruction, nor boast proudly in the day of their distress. … Psalm 137:7 Remember, O LORD, the sons of Edom on the day Jerusalem fell: “Destroy it,” they said, “tear it down to its foundations!” Lamentations 4:21-22 So rejoice and be glad, O Daughter of Edom, you who dwell in the land of Uz. Yet the cup will pass to you as well; you will get drunk and expose yourself. / O Daughter of Zion, your punishment is complete; He will not prolong your exile. But He will punish your iniquity, O Daughter of Edom; He will expose your sins. and broke a covenant of brotherhood. 1 Kings 5:1-12 Now when Hiram king of Tyre heard that Solomon had been anointed king in his father’s place, he sent envoys to Solomon; for Hiram had always been a friend of David. / And Solomon relayed this message to Hiram: / “As you are well aware, due to the wars waged on all sides against my father David, he could not build a house for the Name of the LORD his God until the LORD had put his enemies under his feet. … 2 Samuel 5:11-12 Now Hiram king of Tyre sent envoys to David, along with cedar logs, carpenters, and stonemasons, and they built a palace for David. / And David realized that the LORD had established him as king over Israel and had exalted his kingdom for the sake of His people Israel. 1 Kings 9:13 “What are these towns you have given me, my brother?” asked Hiram, and he called them the Land of Cabul, as they are called to this day. Ezekiel 26:2-3 “Son of man, because Tyre has said of Jerusalem, ‘Aha! The gate to the nations is broken; it has swung open to me; now that she lies in ruins I will be filled,’ / therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Behold, O Tyre, I am against you, and I will raise up many nations against you, as the sea brings up its waves. Treasury of Scripture Thus said the LORD; For three transgressions of Tyrus, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant: Tyrus. Isaiah 23:1-18 The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them… Jeremiah 47:4 Because of the day that cometh to spoil all the Philistines, and to cut off from Tyrus and Zidon every helper that remaineth: for the LORD will spoil the Philistines, the remnant of the country of Caphtor. Ezekiel 26:1-28:26 And it came to pass in the eleventh year, in the first day of the month, that the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, … because. Amos 1:6,11 Thus saith the LORD; For three transgressions of Gaza, and for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they carried away captive the whole captivity, to deliver them up to Edom: … brotherly covenant. 2 Samuel 5:11 And Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, and cedar trees, and carpenters, and masons: and they built David an house. 1 Kings 5:1-11 And Hiram king of Tyre sent his servants unto Solomon; for he had heard that they had anointed him king in the room of his father: for Hiram was ever a lover of David… 1 Kings 9:11-14 (Now Hiram the king of Tyre had furnished Solomon with cedar trees and fir trees, and with gold, according to all his desire,) that then king Solomon gave Hiram twenty cities in the land of Galilee… Jump to Previous Agreement Brotherly Captives Captivity Changed Communities Community Covenant Crimes Delivered Edom Entire Fate Four Population Prisoners Punishment Remember Remembered Revoke Sins Sold Thereof Thought Three Transgressions Turn Tyre Tyrus Whole WrathJump to Next Agreement Brotherly Captives Captivity Changed Communities Community Covenant Crimes Delivered Edom Entire Fate Four Population Prisoners Punishment Remember Remembered Revoke Sins Sold Thereof Thought Three Transgressions Turn Tyre Tyrus Whole WrathAmos 1 1. The time when Amos prophesied.3. He shows God's judgment upon Syria, 6. upon the Philistines, 9. upon Tyrus, 11. upon Edom, 13. upon Ammon. This is what the LORD says: This phrase introduces a divine oracle, emphasizing that the message comes directly from God. It underscores the authority and seriousness of the pronouncement. In the prophetic tradition, this formula is used to convey that the prophet is speaking on behalf of God, not from personal opinion. For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood. Persons / Places / Events 1. AmosA prophet from the southern kingdom of Judah, called by God to deliver messages of judgment to Israel and surrounding nations. 2. Tyre An ancient Phoenician city known for its wealth and trade, located on the Mediterranean coast. 3. Edom A nation descended from Esau, often in conflict with Israel, located southeast of the Dead Sea. 4. Covenant of Brotherhood A likely reference to a treaty or agreement of mutual respect and peace, possibly between Tyre and Israel or Judah. 5. Exiles People who were captured and sold or delivered into slavery, violating the covenant of brotherhood. Teaching Points The Seriousness of BetrayalBetrayal of trust and breaking of covenants are serious offenses in God's eyes. We must strive to be people of integrity, honoring our commitments and relationships. God's Justice God's judgment is certain and just. He holds nations and individuals accountable for their actions, especially when they harm others. The Importance of Brotherhood The covenant of brotherhood signifies the importance of unity and peace among people. As Christians, we are called to live in harmony and support one another. Consequences of Sin Sin has consequences, not only for individuals but also for communities and nations. We must be vigilant in our actions and seek repentance when we fall short. Historical Context and Modern Application Understanding the historical context of biblical events helps us apply these lessons to modern situations, encouraging us to uphold justice and righteousness in our communities. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Amos 1:9?2. How does Amos 1:9 highlight the importance of keeping covenants and promises today? 3. What lessons can we learn from Tyre's betrayal in Amos 1:9? 4. How does Amos 1:9 connect with other scriptures about God's judgment on nations? 5. In what ways can we ensure faithfulness in our relationships, as warned in Amos 1:9? 6. How can Amos 1:9 inspire us to uphold justice in our communities? 7. Why did God pronounce judgment on Tyre in Amos 1:9? 8. How does Amos 1:9 reflect God's view on broken covenants? 9. What historical events led to the prophecy in Amos 1:9? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Amos 1? 11. (Amos 1:9–10) Where is the external proof that Tyre was punished for breaking its covenant of brotherhood, or is this a theological claim without historical backing? 12. What are the key themes in the Book of Amos? 13. What does "three sins, even four" mean in the Bible? 14. (Amos 2:4-5) Why does God's judgment on Judah differ from judgments described in other prophetic books? What Does Amos 1:9 Mean This is what the LORD saysGod Himself is speaking, underscoring the absolute authority of the message. The prophet is not offering a personal opinion; he delivers the very words of the covenant-keeping LORD. That same formula opens many prophetic oracles (Jeremiah 1:9; Isaiah 1:2), reminding us that every declaration is trustworthy and binding. For three transgressions of Tyre, even four The patterned phrase, also used against Damascus, Gaza, Edom, Ammon, Moab, Judah, and Israel (Amos 1:3, 6, 13; 2:1, 4, 6), signals accumulated, overflowing guilt. “Three…even four” is a Hebrew way of saying, “Their sins are filled to the brim” (compare Job 5:19; Proverbs 30:18-31). The spotlight now turns to Tyre, the proud Phoenician port renowned for commerce and wealth (Ezekiel 27). I will not revoke My judgment The sentence is fixed; no divine pardon will cancel it this time. Just as Balaam confessed, “God is not a man, that He should lie, or a son of man, that He should change His mind” (Numbers 23:19), so here the Lord affirms the irreversibility of His verdict (Isaiah 14:27). Peter later echoes this certainty: “The Lord knows how to keep the unrighteous under punishment for the day of judgment” (2 Peter 2:9). Because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom Tyre betrayed captives—likely Israelites or other neighboring peoples—handing them over to Edom, a nation already infamous for ruthless hostility (Obadiah 10-14). Joel condemns the same atrocity: “Yes, and what is it to Me, O Tyre and Sidon… you sold the people of Judah and Jerusalem to the Greeks” (Joel 3:4-6). The Phoenician slave trade uprooted “a whole congregation,” not just a few individuals, compounding the cruelty with scale and indifference. And broke a covenant of brotherhood Tyre’s treachery violated a long-standing pact of friendship with Israel. Hiram of Tyre had sent cedar and craftsmen to David and Solomon and had declared, “Blessed be the LORD today… I have given your servants wisdom” (1 Kings 5:1-12). That historic bond, reinforced by trade and mutual aid (1 Kings 9:11), was treated as “brotherhood.” By turning allies into merchandise, Tyre shattered both moral and covenantal obligations (Ezekiel 27:13; Amos 1:9). summary Amos 1:9 announces God’s unalterable judgment on Tyre for piling sin upon sin. Their persistent slave-trading, betrayal of captives to Edom, and violation of a sacred friendship expose a heart hardened against both God and neighbor. When covenant loyalty is despised and human lives are commodified, divine justice follows—certain, deserved, and final. CURSE ON TYRUS.(9) The brotherly covenant.--The "covenant of brethren" (margin) was the league made between Hiram and David, and afterwards between Hiram and Solomon (2Samuel 5:11; 1Kings 5:1; 1Kings 5:12). This ancient covenant was forgotten in Ph?nicia's mercantile cupidity, and Tyre was tempted to sell Hebrew captives to Greeks and Idumeans. (Comp. Isaiah 23; Ezekiel 26, and the special excursus in the Speaker's Commentary.) Verses 9, 10. - The judgment on Tyre. Verse 9. - They delivered up the whole captivity (see note on ver. 6). The sin of Tyre, the great Phoenician merchant city, was committed in concert with the Philistines (comp. Psalm 83:7), and was of the same character, except that she is not accused of carrying away the captives, but only of handing them over to the Edomites. It is probable that the Phoenicians had gotten into their hands, by purchase or some other means, Israelitish prisoners, whom they delivered over to the Edomites, forgetting the brotherly covenant made by their forefathers with David and Solomon (2 Samuel 5:11; 1 Kings 5:1, 7-11; 1 Kings 9:11-14; 2 Chronicles 2:11). The cruel conduct of Tyre was quits unprovoked, as no Jewish king had made war against Phoenicia or its capital. |
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