New International Version and he ordered that the people of Judah be taught this lament of the bow (it is written in the Book of Jashar): New Living Translation and he commanded that it be taught to the people of Judah. It is known as the Song of the Bow, and it is recorded in The Book of Jashar. English Standard Version and he said it should be taught to the people of Judah; behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar. He said: Berean Standard Bible and he ordered that the sons of Judah be taught the Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar: Berean Literal Bible and he told them to teach the sons of Judah “The bow.” Behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar: King James Bible (Also he bade them teach the children of Judah the use of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jasher.) New King James Version and he told them to teach the children of Judah the Song of the Bow; indeed it is written in the Book of Jasher: New American Standard Bible and he told them to teach the sons of Judah the mourning song of the bow; behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar. NASB 1995 and he told them to teach the sons of Judah the song of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar. NASB 1977 and he told them to teach the sons of Judah the song of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar. Legacy Standard Bible and he told them to teach the sons of Judah the song of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar. Amplified Bible and he told them to teach the sons of Judah, the song of the bow. Behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar: Berean Annotated Bible and he ordered that the sons of Judah (praised) be taught the Song of the Bow (be taught the use of the bow). It is written in the Book of Jashar [attributed to Jasher.]: Christian Standard Bible and he ordered that the Judahites be taught The Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar: Holman Christian Standard Bible and he ordered that the Judahites be taught The Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar: American Standard Version (and he bade them teach the children of Judah the song of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jashar): Contemporary English Version and he ordered his men to teach the song to everyone in Judah. He called it "The Song of the Bow," and it can be found in The Book of Jashar. This is the song: English Revised Version And he bade them teach the children of Judah the song of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jashar. GOD'S WORD® Translation He said, "Teach this [kesheth] to the people of Judah." (It is recorded in the Book of Jashar.) Good News Translation and ordered it to be taught to the people of Judah. (It is recorded in The Book of Jashar.) International Standard Version and he gave orders to teach the descendants of Judah the art of warfare, as is recorded in the Book of Jashar: NET Bible (He gave instructions that the people of Judah should be taught "The Bow." Indeed, it is written down in the Book of Yashar.) New Heart English Bible and said it should be taught to the people of Judah. Look, it is written in the book of Jashar. Webster's Bible Translation (Also he bade them teach the children of Judah the use of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jasher.) Majority Text Translations Majority Standard Bibleand he ordered that the sons of Judah be taught the Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar: World English Bible (and he commanded them to teach the children of Judah the song of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar): Literal Translations Literal Standard Versionand he says to teach the sons of Judah “The Bow”; behold, it is written on the Scroll of the Upright: Berean Literal Bible and he told them to teach the sons of Judah “The bow.” Behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar: Young's Literal Translation and he saith to teach the sons of Judah 'The Bow;' lo, it is written on the book of the Upright: -- Smith's Literal Translation (And he will say to teach the sons of Judah the bow: it was written upon the book of Jasher.) Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims Bible(Also he commanded that they should teach the children of Juda the use of the bow, as it is written in the book of the just.) And he said: Consider, O Israel, for them that are dead, wounded on thy high places. Catholic Public Domain Version (And he instructed that they should teach the sons of Judah the bow, just as it is written in the Book of the Just.) And he said: “Consider, O Israel, on behalf of those who are dead, wounded upon your heights: New American Bible (he commanded that it be taught to the Judahites; it is recorded in the Book of Jashar): New Revised Standard Version (He ordered that The Song of the Bow be taught to the people of Judah; it is written in the Book of Jashar.) He said: Translations from Aramaic Lamsa Bible(Also he commanded them to teach the children of Judah the use of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Asher): Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And he said to teach the children of Yehuda the bow. Behold it is written in the book of Ashir: OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917and said--To teach the sons of Judah the bow. Behold, it is written in the book of Jashar: Brenton Septuagint Translation And he gave orders to teach it the sons of Juda: behold, it is written in the book of Right. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible (Voice ▾ Musical ▾) Context David's Song for Saul and Jonathan17Then David took up this lament for Saul and his son Jonathan, 18and he ordered that the sons of Judah be taught the Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar: 19“Your glory, O Israel, lies slain on your heights. How the mighty have fallen!… Cross References and he ordered Deuteronomy 31:19 Now therefore, write down for yourselves this song and teach it to the Israelites; have them recite it, so that it may be a witness for Me against them. Deuteronomy 31:22 So that very day Moses wrote down this song and taught it to the Israelites. that the sons of Judah 1 Chronicles 4:1 The descendants of Judah: Perez, Hezron, Carmi, Hur, and Shobal. Numbers 10:14 First, the divisions of the camp of Judah set out under their standard, with Nahshon son of Amminadab in command. Judges 1:2 “Judah shall go up,” answered the LORD. “Indeed, I have delivered the land into their hands.” be taught Deuteronomy 4:9 Only be on your guard and diligently watch yourselves, so that you do not forget the things your eyes have seen, and so that they do not slip from your heart as long as you live. Teach them to your children and grandchildren. Deuteronomy 6:7 And you shall teach them diligently to your children and speak of them when you sit at home and when you walk along the road, when you lie down and when you get up. Psalm 78:5 For He established a testimony in Jacob and appointed a law in Israel, which He commanded our fathers to teach to their children, the Song of the Bow. Psalm 18:34 He trains my hands for battle; my arms can bend a bow of bronze. Psalm 144:1 Of David. Blessed be the LORD, my Rock, who trains my hands for war, my fingers for battle. 1 Samuel 2:4 The bows of the mighty are broken, but the feeble are equipped with strength. It is written in the Book of Jashar: Joshua 10:13 So the sun stood still and the moon stopped until the nation took vengeance upon its enemies. Is this not written in the Book of Jashar? “So the sun stopped in the middle of the sky and delayed going down about a full day.” Numbers 21:14 Therefore it is stated in the Book of the Wars of the LORD: “Waheb in Suphah and the wadis of the Arnon, 1 Chronicles 29:29 Now the acts of King David, from first to last, are indeed written in the Chronicles of Samuel the Seer, the Chronicles of Nathan the Prophet, and the Chronicles of Gad the Seer, 1 Kings 8:53 For You, O Lord GOD, have set them apart from all the peoples of the earth as Your inheritance, as You spoke through Your servant Moses when You brought our fathers out of Egypt.” 1 Chronicles 12:32 From Issachar, men who understood the times and knew what Israel should do: 200 chiefs with all their kinsmen at their command. Treasury of Scripture (Also he bade them teach the children of Judah the use of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jasher.) teach Genesis 49:8 Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise: thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies; thy father's children shall bow down before thee. Deuteronomy 4:10 Specially the day that thou stoodest before the LORD thy God in Horeb, when the LORD said unto me, Gather me the people together, and I will make them hear my words, that they may learn to fear me all the days that they shall live upon the earth, and that they may teach their children. bow 1 Samuel 20:36 And he said unto his lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. the book Joshua 10:13 And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day. Jasher. Jump to Previous Bade Book Bow Children Jashar Jasher Judah Lament Ordered Recorded Song Taught Teach Teaching Upright Use WrittenJump to Next Bade Book Bow Children Jashar Jasher Judah Lament Ordered Recorded Song Taught Teach Teaching Upright Use Written2 Samuel 1 1. The Amalekite who accused himself of Saul's death is slain17. David laments Saul and Jonathan with a song and he ordered David responded to Saul and Jonathan’s death by preserving a public lament that honored both men. His action showed respect for Saul as Israel’s fallen king and grief for Jonathan, his beloved friend. Deu 31:19 Now therefore, write down for yourselves this song… that the sons of Judah David began with his own tribe, which would soon recognize him as king and lead the nation. 1Ch 4:1 The descendants of Judah: Perez, Hezron, Carmi… be taught The lament was to be remembered and passed down, keeping before Judah the courage, loss, and cost of Israel’s defeat. Deu 4:9 Only be on your guard and diligently watch yourselves… the Song of the Bow. The bow recalls Jonathan’s skill as a warrior and honors the military strength of both Saul and Jonathan. Psa 18:34 He trains my hands for battle; my arms can… It is written in the Book of Jashar: The song was preserved in an established collection of Israel’s heroic poems, giving lasting witness to the deaths of Saul and Jonathan. Jos 10:13 So the sun stood still and the moon stopped… Persons / Places / Events 1. DavidThe future king of Israel who mourns the deaths of Saul and Jonathan and orders the teaching of the "Song of the Bow." 2. Sons of Judah The tribe from which David hails, representing the people who are to learn the lament. 3. Song of the Bow A lament composed by David to honor Saul and Jonathan, emphasizing the use of the bow, a symbol of strength and warfare. 4. Book of Jashar An ancient text referenced in the Bible, known for containing poetic accounts of Israel's history. 5. Saul and Jonathan The first king of Israel and his son, whose deaths are the occasion for the lament. Teaching Points The Importance of LamentDavid's instruction to teach the "Song of the Bow" highlights the value of lament in processing grief and honoring those who have passed. Cultural Memory and Legacy By recording the lament in the Book of Jashar, David ensures that the legacy of Saul and Jonathan is preserved for future generations. Unity in Mourning Despite Saul's pursuit of David, David's lament demonstrates a spirit of unity and respect, teaching us to honor others even amidst conflict. The Role of Music and Poetry The use of a song to express deep emotions underscores the power of music and poetry in spiritual and communal life. Teaching the Next Generation David's command to teach the sons of Judah reflects the responsibility to pass down spiritual and cultural heritage. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of 2 Samuel 1:18?2. Why is the "Book of Jashar" significant in 2 Samuel 1:18? 3. How does teaching "the Song of the Bow" honor Saul and Jonathan? 4. What lessons from 2 Samuel 1:18 can be applied to modern leadership? 5. How does 2 Samuel 1:18 connect to other biblical teachings on remembrance? 6. How can we implement the practice of remembrance in our daily lives? 7. Why is the Book of Jashar mentioned in 2 Samuel 1:18 if it's not in the Bible? 8. What is the significance of teaching the "Song of the Bow" in 2 Samuel 1:18? 9. How does 2 Samuel 1:18 reflect on the importance of remembering history in faith? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from 2 Samuel 1? (18) The use of the bow.--The words in italics, the use of, are not in the original, and should be omitted. David "bade them teach the children of Judah the bow": i.e., the following dirge called "the bow," not merely from the allusion to Jonathan's bow in 2Samuel 1:22, but because it is a martial ode, and the bow was one of the chief weapons of the time with which the Benjamites were particularly skilful (1Chronicles 12:2; 2Chronicles 14:8; 2Chronicles 17:17). The word is omitted in the Vatican LXX. He taught this song to "the children of Judah" rather than to all Israel, because for the following seven and a half years, while the memory of Saul was fresh, he reigned only over Judah and Benjamin. In the book of Jasher.--This book is also referred to in Joshua 10:13, and nothing more is really known about it, although it has been the subject of endless discussion and speculation. It is supposed to have been a collection of songs relating to memorable events and men in the early history of Israel, and it appears that this elegy was included among them. . . . Verse 18. - Also he bade them teach the children of Judah [the use of] the bow. The old view is that given by the inserted words, and is well put by Ephrem Syrus in his commentary upon the passage. He says that, as Israel's defeat at Gilboa was the presage of a long struggle, and as the Philistines had gained the victory there by their skill in archery, David used his utmost authority with his own tribe to get them to practise this art for their protection in future wars. This explanation would be plausible were it not that we have reason for believing that the Israelites were already skilful in the use both of the sling and the bow, in both of which the Benjamites especially excelled (1 Chronicles 12:2). The modern view is that given in the Revised Version, where the inserted words are "the song of" the bow. "The Bow" is thus the name of the elegy, taken from the allusion to Jonathan's skill in the use of that weapon (ver. 22; comp. 1 Samuel 18:4; 1 Samuel 20:36); and the meaning is that David made his own tribesmen, who were probably ill disposed to Saul and his family, learn this dirge, not so much for its preservation, as to make them give the fallen king due honour. Similarly Exodus 3. is called "The Bush" in Mark 12:26. The book of Jasher. See on this book Joshua 10:13, where the Syriac Version calls it "The Book of Canticles," and understands by it a collection of national ballads commemorative of the brave deeds of Israelite heroes. Jasher literally means "upright," and the Book of Jasher would be equivalent to "Hero book," the Hebrews always looking to the moral rather than the physical prowess of their great men. David’s command in 2 Samuel 1:18 reveals a shepherd-king who:• exercises decisive, righteous leadership; • begins with his own tribe to shape national memory; • treats instruction as essential, even for grief; • celebrates heroic faith through song; • grounds the account in trustworthy historical record. The verse reminds us that God calls His people to remember, teach, and honor what is true, binding hearts to both His sovereignty and His salvation story. Hebrew and he orderedוַיֹּ֕אמֶר (way·yō·mer) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 559: To utter, say that the sons בְּנֵֽי־ (bə·nê-) Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 1121: A son of Judah יְהוּדָ֖ה (yə·hū·ḏāh) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 3063: Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites be taught לְלַמֵּ֥ד (lə·lam·mêḏ) Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct Strong's 3925: To exercise in, learn [the Song of] the Bow. קָ֑שֶׁת (qā·šeṯ) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 7198: A bow, for, shooting, the iris It is written כְתוּבָ֖ה (ḵə·ṯū·ḇāh) Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singular Strong's 3789: To grave, to write in עַל־ (‘al-) Preposition Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against the Book סֵ֥פֶר (sê·p̄er) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5612: A missive, document, writing, book of Jashar: הַיָּשָֽׁר׃ (hay·yā·šār) Article | Adjective - masculine singular Strong's 3477: Straight, right Additonal Resources 2 Samuel 1:18 Blue Letter Bible2 Samuel 1:18 Bible Gateway 2 Samuel 1:18 Bible.com 2 Samuel 1:18 NIV |
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