Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version They enter Aiath; they pass through Migron; they store supplies at Mikmash. New Living Translation Look, the Assyrians are now at Aiath. They are passing through Migron and are storing their equipment at Micmash. English Standard Version He has come to Aiath; he has passed through Migron; at Michmash he stores his baggage; Berean Standard Bible Assyria has entered Aiath and passed through Migron, storing their supplies at Michmash. Berean Literal Bible he has come to Ayyah, he has passed over Migron; at Michmash he attends to his vessels. King James Bible He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he hath laid up his carriages: New King James Version He has come to Aiath, He has passed Migron; At Michmash he has attended to his equipment. New American Standard Bible He has come against Aiath, He has passed through Migron; At Michmash he deposited his baggage. NASB 1995 He has come against Aiath, He has passed through Migron; At Michmash he deposited his baggage. NASB 1977 He has come against Aiath, He has passed through Migron; At Michmash he deposited his baggage. Legacy Standard Bible He has come against Aiath, He has passed through Migron; At Michmash he deposited his baggage. Amplified Bible The Assyrian has come against Aiath [in Judah], He has passed through Migron [with his army]; At Michmash he stored his equipment. Berean Annotated Bible Assyria has entered Aiath (heap of ruins) and passed through Migron (precipice), storing their supplies at Michmash (hidden). Christian Standard Bible Assyria has come to Aiath and has gone through Migron, storing their equipment at Michmash. Holman Christian Standard Bible Assyria has come to Aiath and has gone through Migron, storing his equipment at Michmash. American Standard Version He is come to Aiath, he is passed through Migron; at Michmash he layeth up his baggage; Contemporary English Version Enemy troops have reached the town of Aiath. They have gone through Migron, and they stored their supplies at Michmash, English Revised Version He is come to Aiath, he is passed through Migron; at Michmash he layeth up his baggage: GOD'S WORD® Translation They come to Aiath. They pass through Migron. They store their equipment at Michmash. Good News Translation The enemy army has captured the city of Ai! They have passed through Migron! They left their supplies at Michmash! International Standard Version "The Assyrian commander has come upon Aiath and has passed through Migron; he stores his supplies at Michmash. NET Bible They attacked Aiath, moved through Migron, depositing their supplies at Micmash. New Heart English Bible He has come to Aiath. He has passed through Migron. At Michmash he stores his baggage. Webster's Bible Translation He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he hath laid up his furniture. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleAssyria has entered Aiath and passed through Migron, storing their supplies at Michmash. World English Bible He has come to Aiath. He has passed through Migron. At Michmash he stores his baggage. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionHe has come in against Aiath, "" He has passed over into Migron, "" At Michmash he looks after his vessels. Berean Literal Bible he has come to Ayyah, he has passed over Migron; at Michmash he attends to his vessels. Young's Literal Translation He hath come in against Aiath, He hath passed over into Migron, At Michmash he looketh after his vessels. Smith's Literal Translation He came upon Aioth, he passed through into Migron; at Michmash he will deposit his vessels. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleHe shall come into Aiath, he shall pass into Magron: at Machmas he shall lay up his carriages. Catholic Public Domain Version He will approach Aiath; he will cross into Migron; he will entrust his vessels to Michmash. New American Bible he has reached Aiath, passed through Migron, at Michmash he has stored his supplies. New Revised Standard Version he has come to Aiath; he has passed through Migron, at Michmash he stores his baggage; Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleHe has come to Anath, he has passed Megiddo; at Michmash he has laid up his supplies; Peshitta Holy Bible Translated He came to Anath and he passed by in Megiddo, and in Mikmas he laid down his armor OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917He is come to Aiath, He is passed through Migron; At Michmas he layeth up his baggage; Brenton Septuagint Translation For he shall arrive at the city of Angai, and shall pass on to Maggedo, and shall lay up his stores in Machmas. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context A Remnant of Israel Shall Return…27On that day the burden will be lifted from your shoulders, and the yoke from your neck. The yoke will be broken because your neck will be too large. 28Assyria has entered Aiath and passed through Migron, storing their supplies at Michmash. 29They have crossed at the ford: “We will spend the night at Geba.” Ramah trembles; Gibeah of Saul flees.… Cross References Assyria has entered Aiath Joshua 8:1 Then the LORD said to Joshua, “Do not be afraid or discouraged. Take the whole army with you, and go up and attack Ai. See, I have delivered into your hand the king of Ai, his people, his city, and his land. Joshua 7:2 Meanwhile, Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is near Beth-aven to the east of Bethel, and told them, “Go up and spy out the land.” So the men went up and spied out Ai. Joshua 8:11 Then all the troops who were with him marched up and approached the city. They arrived in front of Ai and camped to the north of it, with the valley between them and the city. and passed through Migron, 1 Samuel 14:2 Meanwhile, Saul was staying under the pomegranate tree in Migron on the outskirts of Gibeah. And the troops who were with him numbered about six hundred men, 1 Samuel 14:4 Now there were cliffs on both sides of the pass that Jonathan intended to cross to reach the Philistine outpost. One was named Bozez and the other Seneh. 1 Samuel 14:5 One cliff stood to the north toward Michmash, and the other to the south toward Geba. storing their supplies at Michmash. 1 Samuel 13:2 He chose for himself three thousand men of Israel: Two thousand were with Saul at Michmash and in the hill country of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. And the rest of the troops he sent away, each to his own home. 1 Samuel 13:5 Now the Philistines assembled to fight against Israel with three thousand chariots, six thousand horsemen, and troops as numerous as the sand on the seashore. They went up and camped at Michmash, east of Beth-aven. 1 Samuel 13:23 And a garrison of the Philistines had gone out to the pass at Michmash. 2 Kings 18:13 In the fourteenth year of Hezekiah’s reign, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked and captured all the fortified cities of Judah. 2 Chronicles 32:1 After all these acts of faithfulness, Sennacherib king of Assyria came and invaded Judah. He laid siege to the fortified cities, intending to conquer them for himself. Isaiah 36:1 In the fourteenth year of Hezekiah’s reign, Sennacherib king of Assyria attacked and captured all the fortified cities of Judah. Micah 1:9-15 For her wound is incurable; it has reached even Judah; it has approached the gate of my people, as far as Jerusalem itself. / Do not tell it in Gath; do not weep at all. Roll in the dust in Beth-leaphrah. / Depart in shameful nakedness, O dwellers of Shaphir. The dwellers of Zaanan will not come out. Beth-ezel is in mourning; its support is taken from you. … Nahum 1:1-3 This is the burden against Nineveh, the book of the vision of Nahum the Elkoshite: / The LORD is a jealous and avenging God; the LORD is avenging and full of wrath. The LORD takes vengeance on His foes and reserves wrath for His enemies. / The LORD is slow to anger and great in power; the LORD will by no means leave the guilty unpunished. His path is in the whirlwind and storm, and clouds are the dust beneath His feet. Zephaniah 2:13-15 And He will stretch out His hand against the north and destroy Assyria; He will make Nineveh a desolation, as dry as a desert. / Herds will lie down in her midst, creatures of every kind. Both the desert owl and screech owl will roost atop her pillars. Their calls will sound from the window, but desolation will lie on the threshold, for He will expose the beams of cedar. / This carefree city that dwells securely, that thinks to herself: “I am it, and there is none besides me,” what a ruin she has become, a resting place for beasts. Everyone who passes by her hisses and shakes his fist. Jeremiah 46:1-2 This is the word of the LORD about the nations—the word that came to Jeremiah the prophet / concerning Egypt and the army of Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt, which was defeated at Carchemish on the Euphrates River by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah: Treasury of Scripture He is come to Aiath, he is passed to Migron; at Michmash he has laid up his carriages: he is come. Aiath Joshua 7:2 And Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is beside Bethaven, on the east side of Bethel, and spake unto them, saying, Go up and view the country. And the men went up and viewed Ai. Nehemiah 11:31 The children also of Benjamin from Geba dwelt at Michmash, and Aija, and Bethel, and in their villages, Migron 1 Samuel 14:2 And Saul tarried in the uttermost part of Gibeah under a pomegranate tree which is in Migron: and the people that were with him were about six hundred men; Michmash 1 Samuel 18:2,5 And Saul took him that day, and would let him go no more home to his father's house… 1 Samuel 14:5,31 The forefront of the one was situate northward over against Michmash, and the other southward over against Gibeah… Jump to Previous Baggage Carriages Deposited Enter Forces Furniture Laid Michmas Michmash Micmash Migron Order Passed Past Puts Store Stores Supplies VesselsJump to Next Baggage Carriages Deposited Enter Forces Furniture Laid Michmas Michmash Micmash Migron Order Passed Past Puts Store Stores Supplies VesselsIsaiah 10 1. The woe of tyrants5. Assyria, the rod of hypocrites, for its pride shall be broken 20. A remnant of Israel shall be saved 23. Judah is comforted with promise of deliverance from Assyria Assyria has entered Aiath This phrase indicates the movement of the Assyrian army into the region of Aiath, which is likely a reference to Ai, a city near Bethel. Historically, Ai was a significant location during the conquest of Canaan under Joshua (Joshua 7-8). The mention of Assyria entering Aiath suggests a strategic military advance, as Ai was situated on a route leading to Jerusalem. This movement signifies the threat posed by Assyria to the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah. and passed through Migron storing their supplies at Michmash Persons / Places / Events 1. AiathA location mentioned in the context of the Assyrian invasion. It is believed to be the same as Ai, a city near Bethel, known from earlier biblical accounts. 2. Migron Another location on the path of the Assyrian army. It is mentioned in the context of King Saul's reign as a strategic point. 3. Michmash A significant site where the Assyrian army stored supplies. It is also known from the account of Jonathan's victory over the Philistines during King Saul's reign. Teaching Points God's Sovereignty in JudgmentThe passage illustrates God's control over nations and events. The Assyrian advance is not outside God's plan but serves His purposes of judgment and eventual restoration. Historical Context and Prophetic Fulfillment Understanding the historical and geographical context of biblical events enriches our comprehension of prophecy and its fulfillment. It reminds us of the reliability of God's Word. Trust in God's Deliverance Despite the threat of powerful enemies, God's people are called to trust in His deliverance. The historical victories at places like Michmash serve as reminders of God's faithfulness. The Consequences of Disobedience The Assyrian invasion is a direct consequence of Israel's disobedience. This serves as a warning to remain faithful to God's commands to avoid similar judgments. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Isaiah 10:28?2. How does Isaiah 10:28 illustrate God's judgment against Assyria's prideful advance? 3. What lessons can we learn from Assyria's approach to Jerusalem in Isaiah 10:28? 4. How does Isaiah 10:28 connect with God's sovereignty in Isaiah 10:12? 5. How can we apply the warning in Isaiah 10:28 to modern-day pride? 6. What does Isaiah 10:28 teach about trusting God amidst threatening circumstances? 7. What historical events does Isaiah 10:28 describe, and are they supported by archaeological evidence? 8. How does Isaiah 10:28 fit into the broader narrative of Assyrian invasion in the Bible? 9. What is the significance of the locations mentioned in Isaiah 10:28? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Isaiah 10? 11. What does 'believes in Him will not be shamed' mean? 12. Why does Ezekiel 28 present Tyre's prince or king with traits that mirror those of Adam or Satan, yet no clear explanation is given for this blending of identities? 13. What does being Christ's ambassador entail? 14. Does God communicate with people through visions today? What Does Isaiah 10:28 Mean Assyria has entered Aiath“Assyria has entered Aiath” (Isaiah 10:28a) • Aiath (also called Ai, cf. Joshua 7:2) sits just north of Jerusalem. Mentioning it first places the Assyrian armies alarmingly close to Judah’s heartland. • The march fulfills God’s declaration that He would use Assyria as “the rod of My anger” (Isaiah 10:5-6) to discipline a rebellious people. • Just as the LORD earlier allowed enemies to approach His own city in Judges 6:1-6 and 2 Kings 18:13, so here He permits Assyria to reach Aiath—yet always on a leash He controls (Isaiah 37:26-29). and passed through Migron “…and passed through Migron” (Isaiah 10:28b) • Migron lies only a handful of miles farther south (1 Samuel 14:2). The narrative pace quickens: the enemy surges unopposed. • The prophet’s present-tense description makes the advance feel immediate, underscoring Judah’s helplessness apart from the LORD (Psalm 20:7-8). • This step echoes previous warnings that judgment would sweep “like a mighty river” through the land (Isaiah 8:7-8), sparing nothing until God Himself intervenes. storing their supplies at Michmash “…storing their supplies at Michmash.” (Isaiah 10:28c) • Michmash was a strategic highland town (1 Samuel 13:5-23). Stockpiling supplies here signals Assyria’s confidence in a long siege against Jerusalem. • The detail confirms a literal, historical march—God wanted His people to grasp that the threat was real, not symbolic (Isaiah 36:1-2). • Yet even as the invader digs in, the LORD already has a timetable for their downfall: “Yet today they will halt at Nob” (Isaiah 10:32) and soon be broken (Isaiah 10:33-34), just as He later shattered Sennacherib overnight (2 Kings 19:32-35). summary Isaiah 10:28 paints three rapid brushstrokes—entry at Aiath, passage through Migron, provisioning at Michmash—to show Assyria’s relentless advance toward Jerusalem. Each geographic marker heightens tension while simultaneously spotlighting God’s sovereign purpose: He allows the enemy to march for discipline, yet He sets clear boundaries and guarantees deliverance. The verse invites us to trust that, even when threats loom at the doorstep, the LORD remains firmly in control and will ultimately defend His people. (28) He is come to Aiath . . .--There is an obvious break between this and the preceding verse, and a new section begins, connected with the former by unity of subject, both referring to Sargon's invasion of Judah. That such an invasion took place at or about the time of that king's attack on Ashdod (Isaiah 20:1) the inscriptions leave no doubt. The Koujunyik cylinder names the king of Judah as having joined with the king of Ashdod; and in another, Sargon speaks of himself as "the subduer of the lands of Judah" (Layard, Inscriptions, xxxiii. 8). There is nothing in the passage itself to determine whether Isaiah 10:28-32 are predictive or historical, or when they were first uttered. Assuming that the Messianic prophecy of chap 11 is in close connection with them, it seems most probable that now, as in the earlier attack of Pekah and Rezin (Isaiah 7), as in the later invasion of Sennacherib (Isaiah 37), the bright vision of the future came to sustain the people when they were at their lowest point of depression. This would obviously be when Sargon's armies were actually encamped round the city, when they had reached the last halting-place of the itinerary which Isaiah traces out. We may infer accordingly that the Assyrian armies were then at or near Nob, and that the prophet, supplied, either by human agency or supernaturally, with a knowledge of the movements of the Assyrian armies, describes their progress to a terrified and expectant people, and fixes the final goal. That progress we now have to trace. (1) Aiath is probably identical with the Ai of Joshua 7:2, the Aija of Nehemiah 11:31, in the tribe of Benjamin, not far from Bethel. (2) Migron. The route taken was not the usual one, but passed over three valleys, probably with a view to surprise Jerusalem by an unexpected attack. The modern name, Bure Magrun, survives, a short distance from Bethel. (3) Michmash. Now Muchmas, on the east side of the Migron valley. Here the carriages, i.e., the baggage (Acts 21:15; 1Samuel 17:22), the impedimenta, of the Assyrian army was left behind that the host might advance with greater rapidity to immediate action. (4) Geba, in the tribe of Benjamin (1Chronicles 6:60). Here, after defiling through the "passages," probably the gorge of Wady Suweinit memorable for Jonathan s adventure (1Samuel 14:4-5), the army halted and encamped. (5) The panic spread rapidly to Ramah, memorable as the chief residence of Samuel (1Samuel 7:17). (6) The inhabitants of Gibeah, still retaining in its name its old association with the hero-king of Israel (1Samuel 11:4), left their town deserted and undefended. (7) Gallim, not now identifiable, but mentioned in 1Samuel 25:44. (8) Laieh, not the northern city of that name (Judges 18:29), but near Jerusalem. Read, Listen, O Laish, as if to the tramp of the armies as they passed. (9) Anathoth; about four miles north of Jerusalem, the birth-place of Jeremiah (Jeremiah 1:1). There is a special pathos in the prophet's accents, aniyah Anathoth. A various reading adopted by many critics gives, Answer, O Anathoth. (10) Madmenah, or Madmen, appears in Jeremiah 48:2, as a Moabite city. The name ("dung-hill") was, however, not an uncommon one. It is named (Joshua 15:31) as one of the south-eastern cities of Judah. (11) The people of Gebim ("water-pits;" locality not identified) gather their goods for flight. (12) At last the army reaches Nob, memorable as having been one of the resting-places of the Tabernacle in the time of Saul (1Samuel 21:1). The site has not been identified with certainty, but it was obviously a position that commanded Jerusalem, between it and Anathoth, probably not far from the hill Scopos ("watch-tower") where Titus and his troops encamped during the siege of Jerusalem. The prophet's narrative leaves the invader there shaking his hand, as with defiant menace, against the holy city. For "that day," read this very day, fixing, as it were, the very hour at which Isaiah spoke. . . . Verses 28-32. - This graphic portraiture of the march of an Assyrian army on Jerusalem is probably not historic, but prophetic. Isaiah sees it in vision (Isaiah 1:1), and describes it like an eye-witness. There are at present no sufficient means of deciding to what particular attack it refers, or indeed whether the march is one conducted by Sennacherib or Sargon. Sargon calls himself in one inscription "conqueror of the land of Judah" (Layard, 'Inscriptions,' 33:8), and the details of the present prophecy, especially ver. 9, suit the reign of Sargon rather than that of his son, so that on the whole it is perhaps most probable that some expedition of Sargon's is portrayed. Verse 28. - He is come to Aiath. "Aiath" is probably Ai (Joshua 8:1-28), with a feminine termination. It lay about three miles south of Bethel, which had become Assyrian with the conquest of Samaria. If an Assyrian army mustered at Bethel, it would naturally enter Judaean territory at Ai. He is passed to Migron; rather, he has passed through Migron. "Migron" is mentioned as a village in the territory of Gibeah of Benjamin (1 Samuel 14:2); but the Migron of this passage must have been further to the north. He hath laid up his carriages; i.e. "has left his baggage-train." Michmash was about seven miles nearly due north of Jerusalem. The heavy baggage might conveniently be left there, especially as it was difficult of attack (1 Samuel 14:4-13), while a lightly equipped body of troops made a dash at Jerusalem.Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew [Assyria] has enteredבָּ֥א (bā) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go Aiath עַיַּ֖ת (‘ay·yaṯ) Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 5857: Ai -- a Canaanite city and passed through עָבַ֣ר (‘ā·ḇar) Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on Migron, בְּמִגְר֑וֹן (bə·miḡ·rō·wn) Preposition-b | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 4051: Migron -- an area near Gibeah, also a place North of Michmash storing יַפְקִ֥יד (yap̄·qîḏ) Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 6485: To visit, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit supplies כֵּלָֽיו׃ (kê·lāw) Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular Strong's 3627: Something prepared, any apparatus at Michmash. לְמִכְמָ֖שׂ (lə·miḵ·māś) Preposition-l | Noun - proper - feminine singular Strong's 4363: Michmash -- a city in Benjamin Links Isaiah 10:28 NIVIsaiah 10:28 NLT Isaiah 10:28 ESV Isaiah 10:28 NASB Isaiah 10:28 KJV Isaiah 10:28 BibleApps.com Isaiah 10:28 Biblia Paralela Isaiah 10:28 Chinese Bible Isaiah 10:28 French Bible Isaiah 10:28 Catholic Bible OT Prophets: Isaiah 10:28 He has come to Aiath (Isa Isi Is) |
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