Property Laws

1  כִּ֤י (If) יִגְנֹֽב־ (steals) אִישׁ֙ (a man) שׁ֣וֹר (an ox) אוֹ־ (or) שֶׂ֔ה (a sheep), וּטְבָח֖וֹ (and he slaughters it) א֣וֹ (or) מְכָר֑וֹ (sells it), חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה (five) בָקָ֗ר (of the herd) יְשַׁלֵּם֙ (he shall repay) תַּ֣חַת (for) הַשּׁ֔וֹר (the ox), וְאַרְבַּע־ (and four) צֹ֖אן (sheep) תַּ֥חַת (for) הַשֶּֽׂה׃ (the sheep).

2  אִם־ (If) בַּמַּחְתֶּ֛רֶת (in the breaking in) יִמָּצֵ֥א (is found) הַגַּנָּ֖ב (the thief) וְהֻכָּ֣ה (and he is struck) וָמֵ֑ת (and he dies), אֵ֥ין (not) ל֖וֹ (unto him) דָּמִֽים׃ (is blood). 3  אִם־ (If) זָרְחָ֥ה (has risen) הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ (the sun) עָלָ֖יו (on him), דָּמִ֣ים (blood) ל֑וֹ (is unto him).

שַׁלֵּ֣ם (Repaying) יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם (he shall repay); אִם־ (if) אֵ֣ין (nothing) ל֔וֹ (he has), וְנִמְכַּ֖ר (then he shall be sold) בִּגְנֵבָתֽוֹ׃ (for his theft). 4  אִֽם־ (If) הִמָּצֵא֩ (finding) תִמָּצֵ֨א (is found) בְיָד֜וֹ (in his hand) הַגְּנֵבָ֗ה (the theft)— מִשּׁ֧וֹר (whether ox) עַד־ (or) חֲמ֛וֹר (donkey) עַד־ (or) שֶׂ֖ה (sheep)— חַיִּ֑ים (alive), שְׁנַ֖יִם (double) יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ס (he shall repay).

5  כִּ֤י (If) יַבְעֶר־ (causes to be grazed) אִישׁ֙ (a man) שָׂדֶ֣ה (a field) אוֹ־ (or) כֶ֔רֶם (vineyard), וְשִׁלַּח֙ (and he sends out) אֶת־ (-) בְּעִירֹה (his animal), וּבִעֵ֖ר (and it grazes) בִּשְׂדֵ֣ה (in the field) אַחֵ֑ר (of another man), מֵיטַ֥ב (from the best) שָׂדֵ֛הוּ (of his field) וּמֵיטַ֥ב (and from the best) כַּרְמ֖וֹ (of his vineyard) יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ס (he shall repay).

6  כִּֽי־ (If) תֵצֵ֨א (goes out) אֵ֜שׁ (fire) וּמָצְאָ֤ה (and finds) קֹצִים֙ (thorns), וְנֶאֱכַ֣ל (and is consumed) גָּדִ֔ישׁ (stacked grain) א֥וֹ (or) הַקָּמָ֖ה (the standing grain) א֣וֹ (or) הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה (the field), שַׁלֵּ֣ם (paying) יְשַׁלֵּ֔ם (must repay) הַמַּבְעִ֖ר (the one who kindled) אֶת־ (-) הַבְּעֵרָֽה׃ס (the fire).

7  כִּֽי־ (If) יִתֵּן֩ (gives) אִ֨ישׁ (a man) אֶל־ (to) רֵעֵ֜הוּ (his neighbor) כֶּ֤סֶף (silver) אֽוֹ־ (or) כֵלִים֙ (articles) לִשְׁמֹ֔ר (to keep), וְגֻנַּ֖ב (and it is stolen) מִבֵּ֣ית (from the house) הָאִ֑ישׁ (of the man), אִם־ (if) יִמָּצֵ֥א (is found) הַגַּנָּ֖ב (the thief), יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם (he shall repay) שְׁנָֽיִם׃ (double). 8  אִם־ (If) לֹ֤א (not) יִמָּצֵא֙ (is found) הַגַּנָּ֔ב (the thief), וְנִקְרַ֥ב (and shall be brought) בַּֽעַל־ (the master) הַבַּ֖יִת (of the house) אֶל־ (to) הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים (the judges), אִם־ (to see if) לֹ֥א (not) שָׁלַ֛ח (he has stretched out) יָד֖וֹ (his hand) בִּמְלֶ֥אכֶת (against the property) רֵעֵֽהוּ׃ (of his neighbor).

9  עַֽל־ (For) כָּל־ (every) דְּבַר־ (matter) פֶּ֡שַׁע (of trespass), עַל־ (for) שׁ֡וֹר (ox), עַל־ (for) חֲ֠מוֹר (donkey), עַל־ (for) שֶׂ֨ה (sheep), עַל־ (for) שַׂלְמָ֜ה (clothing), עַל־ (or for) כָּל־ (any) אֲבֵדָ֗ה (lost thing) אֲשֶׁ֤ר (that) יֹאמַר֙ (another claims) כִּי־ (that) ה֣וּא (is his) זֶ֔ה (this), עַ֚ד (before) הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים (the judges) יָבֹ֖א (shall come) דְּבַר־ (the matter) שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם (of the two of them), אֲשֶׁ֤ר (whomever) יַרְשִׁיעֻן֙ (condemn) אֱלֹהִ֔ים (the judges), יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם (he shall repay) שְׁנַ֖יִם (double) לְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃ס (to his neighbor).

10  כִּֽי־ (If) יִתֵּן֩ (gives) אִ֨ישׁ (a man) אֶל־ (to) רֵעֵ֜הוּ (his neighbor) חֲמ֨וֹר (a donkey), אוֹ־ (or) שׁ֥וֹר (an ox), אוֹ־ (or) שֶׂ֛ה (a sheep), וְכָל־ (or any) בְּהֵמָ֖ה (animal) לִשְׁמֹ֑ר (to keep), וּמֵ֛ת (and it dies) אוֹ־ (or) נִשְׁבַּ֥ר (is hurt) אוֹ־ (or) נִשְׁבָּ֖ה (is taken captive), אֵ֥ין (without) רֹאֶֽה׃ (one seeing it), 11  שְׁבֻעַ֣ת (an oath) יְהוָ֗ה (of YHWH) תִּהְיֶה֙ (shall be) בֵּ֣ין (between) שְׁנֵיהֶ֔ם (the two of them), אִם־ (that) לֹ֥א (not) שָׁלַ֛ח (he has stretched out) יָד֖וֹ (his hand) בִּמְלֶ֣אכֶת (against the property) רֵעֵ֑הוּ (of his neighbor), וְלָקַ֥ח (and shall accept) בְּעָלָ֖יו (and its owner) וְלֹ֥א (and not) יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ (he shall repay).

12  וְאִם־ (But if) גָּנֹ֥ב (being stolen) יִגָּנֵ֖ב (it is stolen) מֵעִמּ֑וֹ (from him), יְשַׁלֵּ֖ם (he shall make restitution) לִבְעָלָֽיו׃ (to its owner).

13  אִם־ (If) טָרֹ֥ף (tearing) יִטָּרֵ֖ף (it was torn), יְבִאֵ֣הוּ (then he shall bring it) עֵ֑ד (as a witness) הַטְּרֵפָ֖ה (of the torn thing). לֹ֥א (Not) יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃פ (he shall repay).

14  וְכִֽי־ (And if) יִשְׁאַ֥ל (borrows) אִ֛ישׁ (a man) מֵעִ֥ם (from) רֵעֵ֖הוּ (his neighbor), וְנִשְׁבַּ֣ר (and it is injured) אוֹ־ (or) מֵ֑ת (dies), בְּעָלָ֥יו (its owner) אֵין־ (not) עִמּ֖וֹ (being with it), שַׁלֵּ֥ם (repaying) יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ (he shall repay). 15  אִם־ (If) בְּעָלָ֥יו (its owner was) עִמּ֖וֹ (with it), לֹ֣א (not) יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם (he shall repay); אִם־ (if) שָׂכִ֣יר (was hired), ה֔וּא (it) בָּ֖א (it has come) בִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ס (for its wages).

Laws of Social Responsibility

16  וְכִֽי־ (And if) יְפַתֶּ֣ה (entices) אִ֗ישׁ (a man) בְּתוּלָ֛ה (a virgin) אֲשֶׁ֥ר (who) לֹא־ (not) אֹרָ֖שָׂה (is betrothed), וְשָׁכַ֣ב (and he lies) עִמָּ֑הּ (with her), מָהֹ֛ר (paying the dowry) יִמְהָרֶ֥נָּה (he must pay the dowry) לּ֖וֹ (for her) לְאִשָּֽׁה׃ (to be his wife). 17  אִם־ (If) מָאֵ֧ן (refusing) יְמָאֵ֛ן (refuses) אָבִ֖יהָ (her father) לְתִתָּ֣הּ (to give her) ל֑וֹ (to him), כֶּ֣סֶף (silver) יִשְׁקֹ֔ל (he shall weigh out) כְּמֹ֖הַר (according to the dowry) הַבְּתוּלֹֽת׃ס (of virgins).

18  מְכַשֵּׁפָ֖ה (A sorceress) לֹ֥א (not) תְחַיֶּֽה׃ס (you shall permit to live).

19  כָּל־ (Whoever) שֹׁכֵ֥ב (lies) עִם־ (with) בְּהֵמָ֖ה (an animal) מ֥וֹת (dying) יוּמָֽת׃ס (he must be put to death).

20  זֹבֵ֥חַ (One who sacrifices) לָאֱלֹהִ֖ים (to a god)— יָֽחֳרָ֑ם (he must be set apart for destruction)— בִּלְתִּ֥י (except) לַיהוָ֖ה (to YHWH) לְבַדּֽוֹ׃ (alone).

21  וְגֵ֥ר (And a sojourner) לֹא־ (not) תוֹנֶ֖ה (you shall oppress) וְלֹ֣א (and not) תִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּ (you shall crush), כִּֽי־ (for) גֵרִ֥ים (sojourners) הֱיִיתֶ֖ם (you⁺ were) בְּאֶ֥רֶץ (in the land) מִצְרָֽיִם׃ (of Egypt).

22  כָּל־ (Any) אַלְמָנָ֥ה (widow) וְיָת֖וֹם (or fatherless child) לֹ֥א (not) תְעַנּֽוּן׃ (you⁺ shall afflict). 23  אִם־ (If) עַנֵּ֥ה (afflicting) תְעַנֶּ֖ה (you afflict him) אֹת֑וֹ (-), כִּ֣י (surely) אִם־ (if) צָעֹ֤ק (crying) יִצְעַק֙ (he cries out) אֵלַ֔י (to Me), שָׁמֹ֥עַ (hearing) אֶשְׁמַ֖ע (I will hear) צַעֲקָתֽוֹ׃ (his cry). 24  וְחָרָ֣ה (And will burn) אַפִּ֔י (My anger), וְהָרַגְתִּ֥י (and I will kill) אֶתְכֶ֖ם (you⁺) בֶּחָ֑רֶב (with the sword); וְהָי֤וּ (and shall be) נְשֵׁיכֶם֙ (your⁺ wives) אַלְמָנ֔וֹת (widows), וּבְנֵיכֶ֖ם (and your⁺ sons) יְתֹמִֽים׃פ (fatherless).

25  אִם־ (If) כֶּ֣סֶף׀ (silver) תַּלְוֶ֣ה (you lend) אֶת־ (-) עַמִּ֗י (to My people) אֶת־ (-) הֶֽעָנִי֙ (the poor) עִמָּ֔ךְ (with you), לֹא־ (not) תִהְיֶ֥ה (you shall be) ל֖וֹ (to him) כְּנֹשֶׁ֑ה (like a moneylender); לֹֽא־ (not) תְשִׂימ֥וּן (you⁺ shall lay) עָלָ֖יו (on him) נֶֽשֶׁךְ׃ (interest).

26  אִם־ (If) חָבֹ֥ל (taking) תַּחְבֹּ֖ל (you take in pledge) שַׂלְמַ֣ת (the garment) רֵעֶ֑ךָ (of your neighbor) עַד־ (before) בֹּ֥א (goes down) הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ (the sun), תְּשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּ (you shall return it) לֽוֹ׃ (to him). 27  כִּ֣י (For) הִ֤וא (that) כְסוּתָה (is his covering) לְבַדָּ֔הּ (alone); הִ֥וא (it) שִׂמְלָת֖וֹ (is his garment) לְעֹר֑וֹ (for his skin). בַּמֶּ֣ה (In what) יִשְׁכָּ֔ב (will he sleep)? וְהָיָה֙ (And it will be) כִּֽי־ (that when) יִצְעַ֣ק (he cries out) אֵלַ֔י (to Me), וְשָׁמַעְתִּ֖י (then I will hear), כִּֽי־ (for) חַנּ֥וּן (gracious) אָֽנִי׃ס (I am).

28  אֱלֹהִ֖ים (God) לֹ֣א (not) תְקַלֵּ֑ל (you shall revile), וְנָשִׂ֥יא (and a ruler) בְעַמְּךָ֖ (of your people) לֹ֥א (not) תָאֹֽר׃ (you do curse).

29  מְלֵאָתְךָ֥ (Your fullness) וְדִמְעֲךָ֖ (and your juices) לֹ֣א (not) תְאַחֵ֑ר (you shall delay). בְּכ֥וֹר (The firstborn) בָּנֶ֖יךָ (of your sons) תִּתֶּן־ (you shall give) לִּֽי׃ (to Me). 30  כֵּֽן־ (Likewise) תַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה (you shall do) לְשֹׁרְךָ֖ (with your oxen) לְצֹאנֶ֑ךָ (and with your sheep). שִׁבְעַ֤ת (Seven) יָמִים֙ (days) יִהְיֶ֣ה (it shall be) עִם־ (with) אִמּ֔וֹ (its mother); בַּיּ֥וֹם (on the day) הַשְּׁמִינִ֖י (the eighth) תִּתְּנוֹ־ (you shall give it) לִֽי׃ (to Me).

31  וְאַנְשֵׁי־ (And men) קֹ֖דֶשׁ (holy) תִּהְי֣וּן (you⁺ shall be) לִ֑י (to Me). וּבָשָׂ֨ר (And flesh) בַּשָּׂדֶ֤ה (in the field) טְרֵפָה֙ (torn) לֹ֣א (not) תֹאכֵ֔לוּ (you⁺ shall eat); לַכֶּ֖לֶב (to the dog) תַּשְׁלִכ֥וּן (you⁺ shall throw) אֹתֽוֹ׃ס (it).