Verse (Click for Chapter) New International Version Then on the thirteenth day of the first month the royal secretaries were summoned. They wrote out in the script of each province and in the language of each people all Haman’s orders to the king’s satraps, the governors of the various provinces and the nobles of the various peoples. These were written in the name of King Xerxes himself and sealed with his own ring. New Living Translation So on April 17 the king’s secretaries were summoned, and a decree was written exactly as Haman dictated. It was sent to the king’s highest officers, the governors of the respective provinces, and the nobles of each province in their own scripts and languages. The decree was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the king’s signet ring. English Standard Version Then the king’s scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and an edict, according to all that Haman commanded, was written to the king’s satraps and to the governors over all the provinces and to the officials of all the peoples, to every province in its own script and every people in its own language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s signet ring. Berean Standard Bible On the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring. Berean Literal Bible And the scribes of the king were called in the first month, on the three and tenth day of it, and it was written according to all that Haman commanded to the satraps of the king, and to the governors who were over province and province, and to the officials of people and people, province by province according to its writing, and people by people according to its tongue. In the name of King Ahasuerus it was written, and it was sealed with the signet ring of the king. King James Bible Then were the king's scribes called on the thirteenth day of the first month, and there was written according to all that Haman had commanded unto the king's lieutenants, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the rulers of every people of every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed with the king's ring. New King James Version Then the king’s scribes were called on the thirteenth day of the first month, and a decree was written according to all that Haman commanded—to the king’s satraps, to the governors who were over each province, to the officials of all people, to every province according to its script, and to every people in their language. In the name of King Ahasuerus it was written, and sealed with the king’s signet ring. New American Standard Bible Then the king’s scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and it was written just as Haman commanded to the king’s satraps, to the governors who were over each province and to the officials of each people, each province according to its script, each people according to its language, being written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s signet ring. NASB 1995 Then the king’s scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and it was written just as Haman commanded to the king’s satraps, to the governors who were over each province and to the princes of each people, each province according to its script, each people according to its language, being written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s signet ring. NASB 1977 Then the king’s scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and it was written just as Haman commanded to the king’s satraps, to the governors who were over each province, and to the princes of each people, each province according to its script, each people according to its language, being written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s signet ring. Legacy Standard Bible Then the king’s scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and it was written just as Haman commanded to the king’s satraps, to the governors who were over each province, and to the princes of each people, each province according to its script, each people according to its tongue, being written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s signet ring. Amplified Bible Then the king’s scribes (secretaries) were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and it was written just as Haman commanded to the king’s satraps (chief rulers), and to the governors who were over each province and to the officials of each people, each province according to its script (writing), each people according to their own language; being written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s signet ring. Berean Annotated Bible On the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman (magnificent) commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes (I will be silent and poor) and sealed with the royal signet ring. Christian Standard Bible The royal scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded. It was intended for the royal satraps, the governors of each of the provinces, and the officials of each ethnic group and written for each province in its own script and to each ethnic group in its own language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the royal signet ring. Holman Christian Standard Bible The royal scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded. It was intended for the royal satraps, the governors of each of the provinces, and the officials of each ethnic group and written for each province in its own script and to each ethnic group in its own language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the royal signet ring. American Standard Version Then were the king's scribes called in the first month, on the thirteenth day thereof; and there was written according to all that Haman commanded unto the king's satraps, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the princes of every people, to every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and it was sealed with the king's ring. Contemporary English Version On the thirteenth day of Nisan, Haman called in the king's secretaries and ordered them to write letters in every language used in the kingdom. The letters were written in the name of the king and sealed by using the king's own ring. At once they were sent to the king's highest officials, the governors of each province, and the leaders of the different nations in the kingdom of Xerxes. English Revised Version Then were the king's scribes called in the first month, on the thirteenth day thereof, and there was written according to all that Haman commanded unto the king's satraps, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the princes of every people; to every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and it was sealed with the king's ring. GOD'S WORD® Translation On the thirteenth day of the first month the king's scribes were summoned. All Haman's orders were written to the king's satraps, the governors of every province, and the officials of every people. They wrote to each province in its own script and to the people in each province in their own language. The orders were signed in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the king's ring. Good News Translation So on the thirteenth day of the first month Haman called the king's secretaries and dictated a proclamation to be translated into every language and system of writing used in the empire and to be sent to all the rulers, governors, and officials. It was issued in the name of King Xerxes and stamped with his ring. International Standard Version The king's scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and all that Haman commanded was written to the regional authorities of the king, to the governors who were over each province, and to the officials of each people. This order was translated in the name of King Ahasuerus into the language of each province and bore the seal of the king's signet ring. NET Bible So the royal scribes were summoned in the first month, on the thirteenth day of the month. Everything Haman commanded was written to the king's satraps and governors who were in every province and to the officials of every people, province by province according to its script and people by people according to its language. In the name of King Ahasuerus it was written and sealed with the king's signet ring. New Heart English Bible Then the king's scribes were called in on the first month, on the thirteenth day of the month; and all that Haman commanded was written to the king's satraps, and to the governors who were over every province, and to the officials of every people, to every province according its writing, and to every people in their language. It was written in the name of King Achshayarsh, and it was sealed with the king's ring. Webster's Bible Translation Then were the king's scribes called on the thirteenth day of the first month, and there was written according to all that Haman had commanded to the king's lieutenants, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the rulers of every people of every province, according to the writing of it, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed with the king's ring. Majority Text Translations Majority Standard BibleOn the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring. World English Bible Then the king’s scribes were called in on the first month, on the thirteenth day of the month; and all that Haman commanded was written to the king’s local governors, and to the governors who were over every province, and to the princes of every people, to every province according to its writing, and to every people in their language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus, and it was sealed with the king’s ring. Literal Translations Literal Standard VersionAnd scribes of the king are called, on the first month, on the thirteenth day of it, and it is written according to all that Haman has commanded, to lieutenants of the king, and to the governors who [are] over province and province, and to the heads of people and people, province and province, according to its writing, and people and people according to its tongue, in the name of King Ahasuerus it has been written and sealed with the signet of the king, Berean Literal Bible And the scribes of the king were called in the first month, on the three and tenth day of it, and it was written according to all that Haman commanded to the satraps of the king, and to the governors who were over province and province, and to the officials of people and people, province by province according to its writing, and people by people according to its tongue. In the name of King Ahasuerus it was written, and it was sealed with the signet ring of the king. Young's Literal Translation And scribes of the king are called, on the first month, on the thirteenth day of it, and it is written according to all that Haman hath commanded, unto lieutenants of the king, and unto the governors who are over province and province, and unto the heads of people and people, province and province, according to its writing, and people and people according to its tongue, in the name of the king Ahasuerus it hath been written and sealed with the signet of the king, Smith's Literal Translation And the king's scribes will be called in the first month, in the thirteenth day in it, and it will be written according to all that Haman commanded to the king's satraps and to the prefects, which were over province and province, and to the chiefs of people and people of province and province, according to its writing, and people and people according to their tongue; in the name of king Ahasuerus it was written, and sealed with the king's signet ring. Catholic Translations Douay-Rheims BibleAnd the king's scribes were called in the first month Nisan, on the thirteenth day of the same month: and they wrote, as Aman had commanded, to all the king's lieutenants, and to the judges of the provinces, and of divers nations, as every nation could read, and hear according to their different languages, in the name of king Assuerus: and the letters, sealed with his ring, Catholic Public Domain Version New American Bible So the royal scribes were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and they wrote, at the dictation of Haman, an order to the royal satraps, the governors of every province, and the officials of every people, to each province in its own script and to each people in its own language. It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the royal signet ring. New Revised Standard Version Then the king’s secretaries were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and an edict, according to all that Haman commanded, was written to the king’s satraps and to the governors over all the provinces and to the officials of all the peoples, to every province in its own script and every people in its own language; it was written in the name of King Ahasuerus and sealed with the king’s ring. Translations from Aramaic Lamsa BibleThen the king's scribe was called on the thirteenth day of the first month, and there was written according to all that Haman had commanded to the king's commanders and to the governors that were over every province and to the princes of every people of every province according to the writing thereof and to every people according to their language; in the name of King Akhshirash it was written and sealed with the king's ring. Peshitta Holy Bible Translated And the Scribe of the King was called on that day in the first month, on the thirteenth of the month, everything was written that Haman commanded the Generals of the army of the King, and the Lords who were in every city and province and the Princes of the peoples, each city according to its writing, and a people according to its language. It was written in the name of King Akhashiresh, and it was sealed with the signet ring of the King. OT Translations JPS Tanakh 1917Then were the king's scribes called in the first month, on the thirteenth day thereof, and there was written, according to all that Haman commanded, unto the king's satraps, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the princes of every people; to every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and it was sealed with the king's ring. Brenton Septuagint Translation So the king's recorders were called in the first month, on the thirteenth day, and they wrote as Aman commanded to the captains and governors in every province, from India even to Ethiopia, to a hundred and twenty-seven provinces; and to the rulers of the nations according to their several languages, in the name of king Artaxerxes. Additional Translations ... Audio Bible Context Haman Plots Against the Jews…11“Keep your money,” said the king to Haman. “These people are given to you to do with them as you please.” 12On the thirteenth day of the first month, the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, in the script of each province and the language of every people. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring. 13And the letters were sent by couriers to each of the royal provinces with the order to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jews—young and old, women and children—and to plunder their possessions on a single day, the thirteenth day of Adar, the twelfth month.… Cross References On the thirteenth day of the first month, Ezra 8:31 On the twelfth day of the first month we set out from the Ahava Canal to go to Jerusalem, and the hand of our God was upon us to protect us from the hands of the enemies and bandits along the way. Daniel 10:4 On the twenty-fourth day of the first month, as I was standing on the bank of the great river, the Tigris, Exodus 12:2 “This month is the beginning of months for you; it shall be the first month of your year. the royal scribes were summoned Esther 8:9 At once the royal scribes were summoned, and on the twenty-third day of the third month (the month of Sivan), they recorded all of Mordecai’s orders to the Jews and to the satraps, governors, and princes of the 127 provinces from India to Cush—writing to each province in its own script, to every people in their own language, and to the Jews in their own script and language. 2 Kings 22:10 Moreover, Shaphan the scribe told the king, “Hilkiah the priest has given me a book.” And Shaphan read it in the presence of the king. Ezra 7:11 This is the text of the letter King Artaxerxes had given to Ezra the priest and scribe, an expert in the commandments and statutes of the LORD to Israel: and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded Jeremiah 36:4 So Jeremiah called Baruch son of Neriah, and at the dictation of Jeremiah, Baruch wrote on a scroll all the words that the LORD had spoken to Jeremiah. Jeremiah 36:17 “Tell us now,” they asked Baruch, “how did you write all these words? Was it at Jeremiah’s dictation?” Daniel 6:9 Therefore King Darius signed the written decree. the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people, Daniel 6:1-2 Now it pleased Darius to appoint 120 satraps to rule throughout the kingdom, / and over them three administrators, including Daniel, to whom these satraps were accountable so that the king would not suffer loss. Daniel 6:7 All the royal administrators, prefects, satraps, advisers, and governors have agreed that the king should establish an ordinance and enforce a decree that for thirty days anyone who petitions any god or man except you, O king, will be thrown into the den of lions. Daniel 3:2 Then King Nebuchadnezzar sent word to assemble the satraps, prefects, governors, advisers, treasurers, judges, magistrates, and all the other officials of the provinces to attend the dedication of the statue he had set up. in the script of each province and the language of every people. Esther 1:22 He sent letters to all the provinces of the kingdom, to each province in its own script and to each people in their own language, proclaiming that every man should be master of his own household. Daniel 3:4 Then the herald loudly proclaimed, “O people of every nation and language, this is what you are commanded: Daniel 6:25 Then King Darius wrote to the people of every nation and language throughout the land: “May your prosperity abound. It was written in the name of King Xerxes Esther 8:8 Now you may write in the king’s name as you please regarding the Jews, and seal it with the royal signet ring. For a decree that is written in the name of the king and sealed with the royal signet ring cannot be revoked.” Treasury of Scripture Then were the king's scribes called on the thirteenth day of the first month, and there was written according to all that Haman had commanded to the king's lieutenants, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the rulers of every people of every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed with the king's ring. Then were. Esther 8:9-17 Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that is, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth day thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language… scribes. Esther 1:22 For he sent letters into all the king's provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and that it should be published according to the language of every people. Esther 8:9 Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that is, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth day thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language. Esther 9:27 The Jews ordained, and took upon them, and upon their seed, and upon all such as joined themselves unto them, so as it should not fail, that they would keep these two days according to their writing, and according to their appointed time every year; in the name. 1 Kings 21:8 So she wrote letters in Ahab's name, and sealed them with his seal, and sent the letters unto the elders and to the nobles that were in his city, dwelling with Naboth. Daniel 6:8,12,15 Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not… sealed. Esther 8:2,8,10 And the king took off his ring, which he had taken from Haman, and gave it unto Mordecai. And Esther set Mordecai over the house of Haman… Jump to Previous Ahasuerus Commanded First Governors Haman King's Language Month Princes Province Ring Satraps Scribes Sealed Thirteenth Writing WrittenJump to Next Ahasuerus Commanded First Governors Haman King's Language Month Princes Province Ring Satraps Scribes Sealed Thirteenth Writing WrittenEsther 3 1. Haman, advanced by the king, and despised by Mordecai, seeks revenge upon the Jews.7. He casts lots. 8. He obtains by false accusations a decree of the king to put the Jews to death. On the thirteenth day of the first month This date is significant as it falls on the eve of Passover, a time when Jews commemorate their deliverance from Egypt. The timing underscores the irony and gravity of the impending decree against the Jews, highlighting a spiritual battle between deliverance and destruction. the royal scribes were summoned and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people in the script of each province and the language of every people It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring Persons / Places / Events 1. HamanThe antagonist in the Book of Esther, Haman is an Agagite who rises to power in the Persian Empire and plots to destroy the Jewish people. 2. King Xerxes (Ahasuerus) The Persian king during the events of Esther. He grants Haman the authority to issue the decree against the Jews. 3. Royal Scribes Officials responsible for writing and distributing decrees throughout the empire. They play a crucial role in disseminating Haman's orders. 4. Satraps, Governors, and Officials These are the administrative leaders of the provinces within the Persian Empire, responsible for enforcing the king's decrees. 5. The Thirteenth Day of the First Month This date is significant as it precedes the Jewish Passover, a time of deliverance and remembrance for the Jewish people. Teaching Points The Power of InfluenceHaman's ability to influence King Xerxes highlights the importance of godly counsel and the dangers of unchecked power. God's Sovereignty Despite the evil intentions of Haman, God's providence is at work. Believers can trust that God is in control, even in dire circumstances. The Importance of Timing The decree's timing, just before Passover, reminds us that God's timing is perfect and often aligns with His redemptive purposes. The Role of Authority The passage underscores the responsibility of those in authority to act justly and the potential consequences of their decisions. Courage in Adversity Esther's account encourages believers to stand firm in faith and courage, trusting God to deliver and protect His people. Bible Study Questions and Answers 1. What is the meaning of Esther 3:12?2. How does Esther 3:12 demonstrate the importance of understanding governmental decrees today? 3. What role does authority play in Esther 3:12, and how should Christians respond? 4. How can Esther 3:12's events be connected to Romans 13:1-2 on authority? 5. How should Christians prepare for unjust decrees, as seen in Esther 3:12? 6. What lessons from Esther 3:12 can guide Christians in prayer for leaders? 7. How does Esther 3:12 reflect the historical accuracy of the Persian Empire's administrative practices? 8. What does Esther 3:12 reveal about the role of authority and power in biblical narratives? 9. How does the decree in Esther 3:12 challenge our understanding of justice and morality? 10. What are the top 10 Lessons from Esther 3? 11. Who was Mordecai in the Bible? 12. How does Esther 8:8 reconcile with the supposed irrevocability of Persian law if a second decree effectively overrules the first? 13. Esther 3:1 – How credible is it that Haman held such high authority when no historical documents outside the Bible mention him? 14. Esther 5:4–8 – Why are these banquets and intrigues not mentioned in any historical or archaeological records of Persia? What Does Esther 3:12 Mean On the thirteenth day of the first month“On the thirteenth day of the first month” (Esther 3:12). • This Isaiah 13 Nisan, the very eve of Passover (Exodus 12:6). Just as Israel was preparing to remember God’s deliverance, an edict of destruction was being drafted—highlighting the clash between human schemes and divine rescue (Esther 4:14; Psalm 2:1–4). • God’s sovereignty shines through the timing: lots were cast months earlier (Esther 3:7; Proverbs 16:33), yet the date falls when His people would soon be recalling their salvation history. the royal scribes were summoned • Persia’s bureaucracy moved quickly; scribes recorded decrees for exact dissemination (Esther 8:9). • Similar scenes appear in 2 Kings 19:2 and Jeremiah 36:10, where scribes handled matters of state, underscoring the formal, irreversible nature of what follows. and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded • Haman’s words—not truth, justice, or mercy—shaped the edict (Psalm 94:20; Proverbs 6:16–19). • Esther 3:9 shows Haman had already promised a vast bribe; now he secures the legal mechanism to carry out genocide. to the royal satraps, the governors of each province, and the officials of each people • Persia ruled 127 provinces (Esther 1:1). Satraps and governors ensured compliance (Ezra 8:36; Daniel 6:1–2). • The chain of authority reflects Ephesians 6:12—evil often advances through structured power. in the script of each province and the language of every people • The decree was culturally tailored, leaving no room for misunderstanding (Daniel 3:29; Acts 2:8). • This thoroughness mirrors the gospel’s later multilingual spread (Revelation 7:9), showing that both evil and good seek universal reach. It was written in the name of King Xerxes and sealed with the royal signet ring • Using the king’s name gave absolute authority (Genesis 41:42; Esther 8:8; Daniel 6:17). • A sealed document in Persia was irrevocable (Daniel 6:8, 15). Only a counter-decree, also sealed, could override it—foreshadowing Esther 8:7–14. summary Esther 3:12 records the swift, calculated move of evil: precisely timed, bureaucratically handled, universally communicated, and royally authorized. Yet every phrase also hints at God’s higher plan. The date falls on Passover’s doorstep; the irreversible seal sets the stage for a greater reversal; and the empire-wide scope will ultimately broadcast God’s deliverance just as broadly (Esther 9:26–28). What humans intend for harm, God weaves into His redemptive tapestry. (12) On the thirteenth day of the first month.--From the next verse we see that the thirteenth of Adar was to be the lucky day for Haman's purpose, which may have suggested the thirteenth of Nisan as a suitable day for this preliminary step. Bishop Wordsworth reminds us that this day was the eve of the Passover, so that Haman's plot against the Jews strangely coincides in time with one five hundred years later, when the Jews themselves, aided by heathen hands and the powers of darkness, sought to vanquish the Saviour; and as the trembling Jews of Persia were delivered by God's goodness, so too by His goodness Satan himself was overthrown and the Lamb that was slain did triumph.Lieutenants.--Literally, satraps. The Hebrew word here (akhashdarpan) is simply an attempt to transliterate the Persian khahatrapa, Whence the Greek satrapes, and so the English word. The word occurs several times in this book and in Ezra and Daniel. Verse 12. - Then were the king's scribes called. "Scribes" (in the plural) are spoken of as attending on Xerxes throughout the Grecian expedition (Herod., 7:100; 8:90). Such persons were always near at hand in the palace, ready to draw up edicts. On the thirteenth day of the first month. It is conjectured that Haman cast his lots on the first day of the year (Berthcau), as an auspicious time for taking anything in hand, and having obtained a thirteenth day for the massacre, adopted the same number as probably auspicious for the necessary appeal to the king. Having gained the king s consent, he sent at once for the scribes. The king's lieutenants. Literally, "the king's satraps." The actual Persian word is used, slightly Hebraised. And to the governors. The word used has been compared with pasha (Stanley), and again with beg or bey, but is probably distinct from either. It designates a provincial governor of the second rank-one who would have been called by the Greeks ὑποσατράπης. The number of these subordinate officials was probably much greater than that of the satraps. And to the rulers of every people. i.e. the native authorities - the head men of the conquered peoples, to whom the Persian system allowed a considerable share of power. In the name of king Ahasuerus was it written. All edicts were in the king's name, even when a subject had been allowed to issue them. See the story of Bagseus in Herodotus (3:128), where the edicts, of which he alone was the author, have the form of orders from the king. And sealed with the king's ring. Or "signet" (see note on ver. 10).Parallel Commentaries ... Hebrew On the thirteenthבִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה (biš·lō·wō·šāh) Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular Strong's 7969: Three, third, thrice day יוֹם֮ (yō·wm) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 3117: A day of the first הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן (hā·ri·šō·wn) Article | Adjective - masculine singular Strong's 7223: First, in place, time, rank month, בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ (ba·ḥō·ḏeš) Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 2320: The new moon, a month the royal הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ (ham·me·leḵ) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 4428: A king scribes סֹפְרֵ֨י (sō·p̄ə·rê) Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 5608: To count, recount, relate were summoned וַיִּקָּרְאוּ֩ (way·yiq·qā·rə·’ū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural Strong's 7121: To call, proclaim, read and the order was written וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב (way·yik·kā·ṯêḇ) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 3789: To grave, to write exactly as כְּֽכָל־ (kə·ḵāl-) Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every Haman הָמָ֡ן (hā·mān) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 2001: Haman -- to rage, be turbulent commanded צִוָּ֣ה (ṣiw·wāh) Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular Strong's 6680: To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order the royal הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ (ham·me·leḵ) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 4428: A king satraps, אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵֽי־ (’ă·ḥaš·dar·pə·nê-) Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 323: A satrap, governor, of a, main province the governors הַפַּח֞וֹת (hap·pa·ḥō·wṯ) Article | Noun - masculine plural Strong's 6346: A governor of each province, מְדִינָ֣ה (mə·ḏî·nāh) Noun - feminine singular Strong's 4082: A judgeship, jurisdiction, a district, a region and the officials שָׂ֤רֵי (śā·rê) Noun - masculine plural construct Strong's 8269: Chieftain, chief, ruler, official, captain, prince of each עַם֙ (‘am) Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock people, וָעָ֔ם (wā·‘ām) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock in the script כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ (kiḵ·ṯā·ḇāh) Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular Strong's 3791: Something written, a writing, record, book of each province וּמְדִינָה֙ (ū·mə·ḏî·nāh) Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular Strong's 4082: A judgeship, jurisdiction, a district, a region and the language כִּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹ (kil·šō·w·nōw) Preposition-k | Noun - common singular construct | third person masculine singular Strong's 3956: The tongue of every people. וָעָ֖ם (wā·‘ām) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock It was written נִכְתָּ֔ב (niḵ·tāḇ) Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 3789: To grave, to write in the name בְּשֵׁ֨ם (bə·šêm) Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct Strong's 8034: A name of King הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ (ham·me·leḵ) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 4428: A king Xerxes אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ (’ă·ḥaš·wê·rōš) Noun - proper - masculine singular Strong's 325: Ahasuerus -- king of Persia and sealed וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם (wə·neḥ·tām) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular Strong's 2856: To seal, affix a seal, seal up with the royal הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ (ham·me·leḵ) Article | Noun - masculine singular Strong's 4428: A king signet ring. בְּטַבַּ֥עַת (bə·ṭab·ba·‘aṯ) Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct Strong's 2885: A seal, signet, a ring of any kind Links Esther 3:12 NIVEsther 3:12 NLT Esther 3:12 ESV Esther 3:12 NASB Esther 3:12 KJV Esther 3:12 BibleApps.com Esther 3:12 Biblia Paralela Esther 3:12 Chinese Bible Esther 3:12 French Bible Esther 3:12 Catholic Bible OT History: Esther 3:12 Then the king's scribes were called (Est Esth. 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